Shunzhi Emperor facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Shunzhi Emperor |
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3rd Emperor of the Qing dynasty | |
Reign | 8 October 1643 – 5 February 1661 |
Predecessor | Hong Taiji |
Successor | Kangxi Emperor |
Regents | Dorgon (1643–1650) Jirgalang (1643–1647) |
Emperor of China | |
Reign | 1644 – 1661 |
Predecessor | Chongzhen Emperor (Ming dynasty) |
Successor | Kangxi Emperor (Qing dynasty) |
Born | Aisin Gioro Fulin (愛新覺羅·福臨) 15 March 1638 (崇德三年 正月 三十日) Yongfu Palace, Mukden Palace |
Died | 5 February 1661 (順治十八年 正月 七日) Hall of Mental Cultivation |
(aged 22)
Burial | Xiao Mausoleum, Eastern Qing tombs |
Consorts |
Consort Jing
(m. 1651; dep. 1653) Empress Xiaohuizhang (m. 1654–1661)
Empress Xiaoxian
(m. 1656; died 1660) Empress Xiaokangzhang (m. 1653–1661)
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Issue | Fuquan, Prince Yuxian of the First Rank Kangxi Emperor Changning, Prince Gong of the First Rank Longxi, Prince Chunjing of the First Rank Princess Gongque of the Second Rank |
House | Aisin Gioro |
Father | Hong Taiji |
Mother | Empress Xiaozhuangwen |
Shunzhi Emperor (Chinese: 清世祖, 顺治皇帝; 1638 - 1661 ) was emperor of Qing Dynasty. His surname was Aisin Gioro. Shunzhi Emperor was the ninth son of Huang Taiji and he reigned over China from 1644 to 1661. During his short reign, he implemented plenty of policies. He appointed Han Chinese to be the imperial officials. Also, he put the Upper 3 banners (Plain Yellow, Striped Yellow, and Plain White) under the control of the emperor. Moreover, Shunzhi Emperor let eunuchs participate in government activities.
Life
- In 1643, Shunzhi Emperor is 6 and he inherits Huang Taiji's throne. Prince Dorgon becomes the regent.
- In 1644, the Manchu armies conquer the north of China. The capital is changed to Beijing.
- In 1650,Prince Dorgon dies. Shunzhi Emperor gets actual power.
- From 1651 to 1661, Shunzhi Emperor deals with government affairs patiently. In order to unify the country, he also sends armies to invade the south of China.
- In 1661, the Emperor dies of smallpox.
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Images for kids
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Depiction of a Jurchen man on a Ming woodblock print dated 1609. The original caption explained that the Jurchens lived near the Changbai Mountains and wore "deerskin shoes and fish-scale clothing."
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The circular mound of the Altar of Heaven, where the Shunzhi Emperor conducted sacrifices on 30 October 1644, ten days before being officially proclaimed Emperor of China. The ceremony marked the moment when the Qing dynasty seized the Mandate of Heaven.
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A man in San Francisco's Chinatown around 1900. The Chinese habit of wearing a queue came from Dorgon's July 1645 edict ordering all men to shave their forehead and tie their hair into a queue similar to those of the Manchus.
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Johan Nieuhof's portrait of Shang Kexi, who recaptured Guangzhou from Ming loyalist forces in 1650. He was one of the Han Chinese generals the Qing relied on to conquer and administer southern China. Entrenched in the south, he eventually took part in the anti-Qing rebellion of the Three Feudatories in 1673.
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Court dress was a controversial topic during the Shunzhi era. High official Chen Mingxia was denounced in 1654 because he advocated returning to Ming-dynasty court dress, an example of which is shown in this 15th-century portrait of Jiang Shunfu.
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"Moghul embassy" (emissaries from a Mughal prince who ruled Turfan in Central Asia) as portrayed in 1656 by Dutch visitors to the Shunzhi Emperor's Beijing.
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The bell-shaped White Dagoba, which can still be seen in Beihai Park in Beijing, was commissioned by the Shunzhi Emperor to honor Tibetan Buddhism.
