Vasco da Gama facts for kids
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Vasco da Gama (1460 or 1469 - December 24th, 1524) was a Portuguese sailor. He was the first European who went to India through the Cape of Good Hope at the southern end of Africa. He went to India three times by ship.
Da Gama was born in Sines, Portugal. His birthday was June 5th. According to some people's accounts, he was a knight in the 1490s in Sines.
On the 4th of July 1497 da Gama left Lisbon with four ships: the São Gabriel, the São Rafael, the Berrio, and a storage ship of unknown name. He intended to sail to India. No European explorer before him had sailed further than the place that is now called South Africa. Vasco da Gama sailed around the bottom of the African continent. Da Gama's crew gave the South African coast they were passing the name Natal, which means "Christmas" in Portuguese. They did this because they sailed by it at Christmas. The coast is still called Natal.
By January, da Gama's crew reached modern-day Mozambique, on the East African coast. Mozambique was controlled by Arabs because it was part of the Indian Ocean's network of trade. An angry crowd discovered that da Gama's men were not Muslims, so the crew continued north to Kenya. There, at Malindi, da Gama hired a pilot from India.
The pilot brought the Portuguese men to the city of Calicut on the southwest coast of India on May 20, 1498. Vasco da Gama was in danger because of a conflict with the ruler of Calicut. However, he escaped and returned to Portugal in September 1499. A few of his Portuguese sailors stayed in Calicut.
Vasco da Gama went on his next trip in 1502. He found out that the people of Calicut killed the Portuguese he had left behind. During this trip, he attacked and stole from all the Arab and Indian ships he found in the Indian Ocean. Then, he went on to Calicut and took over that city, capturing a lot of wealth, pleasing the King of Portugal.
Vasco da Gama went on one last trip in 1524 to be the viceroy (governor) of Calicut, which was by that time a Portuguese colony. He died soon after he got there on Christmas Eve. He was not a pirate, but he looted and killed many men only to take revenge.
Images for kids
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Bronze statue of Vasco da Gama at his birthplace, Sines, Portugal
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Portuguese discoveries and explorations: first arrival places and dates
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Vasco da Gama leaving the port of Lisbon, Portugal
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Monument to the Cross of Vasco da Gama at the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa
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Vasco da Gama landing at Calicut
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Landmark in Kappad, near Calicut
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Outward and return voyages of the Portuguese India Run (Carreira da Índia). The outward route of the South Atlantic westerlies that Bartolomeu Dias discovered in 1487, followed and explored by da Gama in the open ocean, would be developed in subsequent years.
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Malabar Coast of India, c. 1500, showing the path of Vasco da Gama's 4th India Armada in 1502
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A depiction of da Gama's fleet (from the Livro das Armadas)
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St. Francis CSI Church, in Kochi. Vasco da Gama died in Kochi in 1524 when he was on his third visit to India. His body was originally buried in this church.
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Gama's former tomb in St. Francis Church, Kochi
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Tomb of Vasco da Gama in the Jerónimos Monastery in Belém, Lisbon
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Coat of arms of Vasco da Gama.
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Portrait of Vasco da Gama by António Manuel da Fonseca (1838)
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Cenotaph to Vasco da Gama in the Church of Santa Engrácia, now the National Pantheon in Lisbon.
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