List of Mayflower passengers facts for kids
This is a list of the people who traveled on the ship Mayflower from September to November 1620. Most of them became the first settlers of Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts.
Out of 102 passengers, 37 were part of a religious group called Separatist Puritans from Leiden, The Netherlands. They wanted to start a new colony in the New World where they could practice their religion freely. They also wanted to keep their English way of life without problems from the English government or church.
The Mayflower carried 74 men and 28 women. The ship's captain was Christopher Jones. Sadly, about half of the passengers died during the first winter. Many Americans today can trace their family history back to these brave individuals, who are now known as the Pilgrims.
Contents
Pilgrim Families and Their Servants
An asterisk (*) next to a name means that person died during the first winter of 1620–21.
Members of the Leiden Congregation
These families were part of the Separatist Puritan group.
- Allerton, Isaac (from Suffolk, England)
- Mary (Norris) Allerton*, wife (from Newbury, Berkshire)
- Bartholomew Allerton, 7, son (born in Leiden, Holland)
- Remember Allerton, 5, daughter (born in Leiden)
- Mary Allerton, 3, daughter (born in Leiden). She was the last surviving Mayflower passenger.
- Bradford, William (from Austerfield, Yorkshire)
- Dorothy (May) Bradford*, wife (from Wisbech, Cambridgeshire)
- Brewster, William (from Nottingham, England)
- Mary Brewster, wife
- Love/Truelove Brewster, 9, son (born in Leiden)
- Wrestling Brewster, 6, son (born in Leiden)
- Carver, John (from Yorkshire, England)
- Katherine (Leggett) (White) Carver, wife (from Sturton-le-Steeple, Nottinghamshire)
- Chilton, James* (from Canterbury, Kent)
- Mrs. (James) Chilton*, wife
- Mary Chilton, 13, daughter (from Sandwich, Kent)
- Cooke, Francis
- John Cooke, 13, son (born in Leiden)
- Cooper, Humility, 1, a baby girl (probably born in Leiden). She traveled with her aunt, Ann Cooper Tilley.
- Crackstone/Crackston, John* (from Colchester, Essex)
- John Crackstone, son
- Fletcher, Moses* (from Sandwich, Kent)
- Fuller, Edward* (from Redenhall, Norfolk)
- Mrs. (Edward) ____Fuller*, wife
- Samuel Fuller, 12, son
- Fuller, Samuel (from Redenhall, Norfolk), Edward's brother.
- Goodman, John (from Northampton, England)
- Priest, Degory*
- Rogers, Thomas* (from Watford, Northamptonshire)
- Joseph Rogers, 17, son (from Watford, Northamptonshire)
- Samson, Henry, 16, (from Henlow, Bedfordshire). He traveled with his aunt and uncle, Edward and Ann Tilley.
- Tilley, Edward* (from Henlow, Bedfordshire)
- Ann (Cooper) Tilley* (from Henlow, Bedfordshire), wife of Edward and aunt of Humility Cooper and Henry Samson.
- Tilley, John* (from Henlow, Bedfordshire)
- Joan (Hurst) (Rogers) Tilley*, wife (from Henlow, Bedfordshire)
- Elizabeth Tilley, 13, daughter (from Henlow, Bedfordshire)
- Tinker, Thomas* (from Norfolk, England)
- Mrs. Thomas Tinker*, wife
- boy Tinker*, son, died in the winter of 1620.
- Turner, John* (from Norfolk, England)
- boy Turner*, son, died in the winter of 1620.
- boy Turner*, younger son, died in the winter of 1620.
- White, William*
- Susanna White, wife. She later married another Pilgrim, Edward Winslow.
- Resolved White, 5, son.
- Peregrine White, son. He was born on the Mayflower in Cape Cod Harbor in November 1620. He was the first European child born to the Pilgrims in America.
- Williams, Thomas
- Winslow, Edward (from Droitwich, Worcestershire)
- Elizabeth (Barker) Winslow*, wife
Servants of the Leiden Congregation
These people worked for the Pilgrim families.
- Butten, William* (from Nottingham, England), a young servant of Samuel Fuller. He was the first passenger to die on November 16, 1620, during the voyage.
- ____, Dorothy, a teenage maidservant of John Carver.
- Hooke, John*, age 13, a servant for Isaac Allerton. He died during the first winter.
- Howland, John, about 21, a manservant and helper for Governor John Carver.
- Latham, William, age 11, a servant and apprentice for the John Carver family.
- Minter, Desire, from Norwich, Norfolk. She was a servant of John Carver. Her parents had died in Leiden.
- More, Ellen (Elinor)*, age 8, from Shipton, Shropshire. She was a servant for Edward Winslow. She died soon after arriving in Cape Cod in November 1620.
- More, Jasper*, age 7, from Shipton, Shropshire. He was a servant for John Carver. He died on the Mayflower on December 6, 1620.
- More, Richard, age 6, from Shipton, Shropshire. He was a servant for William Brewster. He lived to be about 81 years old. He is the only Mayflower passenger whose gravestone is still in its original spot.
- More, Mary*, age 4, from Shipton, Shropshire. She was a servant for William Brewster. She died during the winter of 1620/1621.
- Soule, George, 21–25, a servant or worker for Edward Winslow.
- Story, Elias*, under 21, cared for by Edward Winslow.
- Wilder, Roger*, under 21, a servant in the John Carver family.
Other Passengers and Their Servants
These passengers were hired by London merchants and were originally going to the Colony of Virginia.
Passengers Recruited by Thomas Weston
- John Billington (from Lancashire)
- Eleanor Billington, wife
- John Billington, 16, son
- Francis Billington, 14, son
- Britteridge, Richard* (from Sussex)
- Browne, Peter (from Dorking, Surrey)
- Clarke, Richard*
- Eaton, Francis (from Bristol, Gloucestershire/Somerset)
- Sarah Eaton*, wife
- Samuel Eaton, 1, son
- Gardiner, Richard (from Harwich, Essex)
- Hopkins, Stephen (from Upper Clatford, Hampshire)
- Elizabeth (Fisher) Hopkins, wife
- Giles Hopkins, 12, son from a first marriage (from Hursley, Hampshire)
- Constance Hopkins, 14, daughter from a first marriage (from Hursley, Hampshire)
- Damaris Hopkins, 1–2, daughter. (She died soon after in Plymouth, and her parents later had another daughter with the same name.)
- Oceanus Hopkins, born on the Mayflower during the trip to the New World.
- Margesson, Edmund* (from Norfolk)
- Martin, Christopher* 38 (from Great Burstead, Essex). He was a Mayflower governor and purchasing agent.
- Mary (Prowe) Martin*, wife
- Mullins, William* (from Dorking, Surrey)
- Alice Mullins*, wife
- Priscilla Mullins, 18, daughter
- Joseph Mullins*, 14, son
- Prowe, Solomon (from Billericay, Essex). He was Mary Prowe's son.
- Rigsdale, John* (from Lincolnshire)
- Alice Rigsdale*, wife
- Standish, Myles (from Standish, Wigan, Lancashire). He was the military expert for the Colony.
- Rose Standish*, wife
- Warren, Richard (from Hertford, England)
- Winslow, Gilbert (from Droitwich, Worcestershire), brother to Pilgrim Edward Winslow.
Servants of Merchant Adventurers Passengers
- Carter, Robert*, a teenager (from Surrey), servant or apprentice to William Mullins.
- Doty, Edward, probably about 21 (from Lincolnshire), servant to Stephen Hopkins.
- Holbeck, William*, likely under 21, servant to William White.
- Langemore, John*, under 21, servant to Christopher Martin.
- Leister, Edward (also spelled Leitster), over 21 (from London), servant to Stephen Hopkins.
- Thompson (or Thomson), Edward*, under 21, cared for by the William White family. He was the first passenger to die after the Mayflower reached Cape Cod.
Life on Board the Mayflower
Some families traveled together, while some men came alone. Two wives on board were pregnant. Elizabeth Hopkins gave birth to her son Oceanus while the ship was at sea. Susanna White gave birth to her son Peregrine in late November, while the ship was anchored in Cape Cod Harbor. Peregrine is known as the first European child born in the New England area. One young man died during the voyage, and there was one baby born stillborn after the colony started.
About half of the passengers were Puritan Separatists. They wanted to leave the official Church of England and create a new society based on their religious beliefs. Other passengers were hired workers, servants, or farmers. They were recruited by London merchants and were all originally heading to the Colony of Virginia.
Four of these passengers were young children who were given into the care of Mayflower Pilgrims as indentured servants. This means they worked for a period of time to pay for their journey. The Virginia Company started sending children in 1618. These children were often from poor families or were orphans. For example, the four More children were sent to America because of their family situation. Three of the four More children died in the first winter, but Richard lived to be about 81 years old.
The passengers mostly slept and lived in the ship's main cabins and on the main deck. The cabins were very small and crowded. The largest area was only about 25 feet by 15 feet. Below deck, anyone taller than five feet (150 cm) could not stand up straight. Each person had less space than a standard single bed.
Passengers spent their time reading by candlelight or playing games like nine men's morris. Meals were cooked on a firebox, which was an iron tray with sand where a fire was built. This was risky because it was kept in the middle of the ship. Passengers made their own meals from daily food supplies.
When they arrived in America, the weather was harsh, and fresh food was scarce. This was made worse because they had less food than planned due to delays. Living in such close quarters, many passengers got scurvy. This disease is caused by not having enough vitamin C. At the time, people didn't know that lemons or limes could help. Fresh fruits and vegetables, which have vitamin C, could not be stored for long. Passengers with scurvy had bleeding gums, lost teeth, and bad breath.
Passengers drank a lot of beer with meals. This was safer than water, which was often dirty and caused diseases. All food and drink were stored in large barrels called "hogsheads".
No large farm animals like cows or horses were brought on the journey. However, there were pigs, goats, and chickens. Some passengers also brought pets like cats and birds. Peter Browne brought his large female mastiff dog, and John Goodman brought his spaniel.
One passenger, William Mullins, brought a lot of clothing, including 126 pairs of shoes and 13 pairs of boots. He also had leather suits, gowns, breeches, shirts, hats, and stockings. When he died, his daughter Priscilla and her husband John Alden became quite wealthy from his belongings.
Mayflower Officers and Crew
The Mayflower had about 14 officers and around 36 other crew members, making a total of about 50 people. More recent studies estimate the crew was closer to 30. The entire crew stayed with the Mayflower in Plymouth through the winter of 1620–21. Sadly, about half of them died. The surviving crew returned to London on the Mayflower on April 5, 1621.
Important Crew Members
- Captain: Christopher Jones. He was about 50 years old and from Harwich, England. He and his ship had experience carrying cargo in Europe, but they had never crossed the Atlantic Ocean. In June 1620, he and the Mayflower were hired for the Pilgrims' voyage.
- First Mate and Pilot: John Clark (Clarke). By 1620, Clark, about 45, had already had many adventures. He had been a pilot since 1609. In 1611, he piloted a ship to Jamestown in Virginia. He was captured by the Spanish and held prisoner for seven years before being freed in 1616. He was hired as the pilot for the Mayflower in 1620.
- Second Mate and Pilot: Robert Coppin. Coppin had experience in the New World, having hunted whales in Newfoundland and sailed the New England coast.
- Surgeon: Doctor Giles Heale. He was a young surgeon who helped all the sick and dying passengers during the first winter. He survived and returned to London in April 1621.
- Cooper: John Alden. Alden was 21 years old and from Harwich. He was responsible for keeping the ship's barrels, called hogsheads, in good condition. These barrels held all the food and drink, so his job was very important. He decided to stay in Plymouth instead of returning to England.
- Quartermasters: (names unknown), 4 men. These men managed the ship's cargo and the crew's watch schedule. They also handled fishing supplies. Three of the four quartermasters died the first winter.
- Cook: (Gorge Hurst). He prepared the crew's meals and managed food supplies. The cook died the first winter.
- Master Gunner: (name unknown). He was in charge of the ship's guns and ammunition. He died during the first winter.
- Boatswain: (name unknown). He was in charge of the ship's rigging, sails, anchors, and the ship's longboat. Many crew members worked under him. He was known for being proud and sometimes rude to the passengers, but they helped him when he became sick. He died the first winter.
- Carpenter: (name unknown). He made sure the ship's hull was sealed and the masts were in good shape. He was responsible for all repairs on the ship. His name is unknown, but his work was vital for the ship's safety.
- Swabber: (various crewmen). This was the lowest job on the ship, responsible for cleaning the decks.
Crew Members Who Stayed for a Year
Some crew members were hired to stay in the colony for a year to help.
- John Allerton* – A seaman hired to help in the Colony for one year. He died before the Mayflower returned to England.
- ____ Ely – A seaman who stayed for one year and returned to England on the ship Fortune in December 1621.
- Thomas English* – A seaman hired to be the master of the ship's small boat, called a shallop. He died before the Mayflower left for England.
- William Trevore – A seaman with previous New World experience. He stayed for one year and returned to England on the Fortune. He later came back to New England.
Note: An asterisk (*) next to any name means that person died during the winter of 1620–21.
Animals on Board
Two dogs are known to have been on the Mayflower and came ashore with the Pilgrims. These were a female English Mastiff belonging to Peter Browne and a small English Springer Spaniel belonging to John Goodman. The ship likely also carried small farm animals like goats, pigs, and chickens. Larger animals like cows and sheep came later on other ships.
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See also
- Mayflower Compact
- Mayflower Compact signatories
- List of Mayflower passengers who died at sea November/December 1620
- List of Mayflower passengers who died in the winter of 1620–21
- The Mayflower Society
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