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Tabriz

تبریز
City
Panorama of Tabriz.jpg
Tabriz Municipality.jpg
Arg1.jpg
El Gölü (Şah Gölü) - panoramio.jpg
Maqbaratoshoara 4.JPG
Mozaffariyeh, Grand Bazzar of Tabriz, IRAN.jpg
Blue mosque tabriz 3.JPG
Clockwise from top: Skyline of the city, Arg-e Tabriz, Mausoleum of Poets, Blue Mosque, Bazaar of Tabriz, El-Gölü and Tabriz Municipality Palace.
Official seal of Tabriz
Seal
Nickname(s): 
City of Firsts
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Country Iran
Region 3
Province East Azerbaijan Province
County Tabriz County
District Central
Area
 • City 325 km2 (125 sq mi)
 • Urban
512 km2 (198 sq mi)
 • Metro
1,500 km2 (600 sq mi)
Elevation
1,351.4 m (4,433.7 ft)
Population
 (2016 Census)
 • Urban
2,028,123
 • Metro
3,253,000
 • Rank
4th in Iran
Demonym(s) Tabrizian, Təbrizli, Tabrizi
Time zone UTC+3:30 (IRST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+4:30 (IRDT)
Postal code
51368
Area code(s) 041
Website Tabriz municipality
Tabriz Mosaic Logo

Tabriz is the most populated city in northwestern Iran, one of the historical capitals of Iran and the present capital of East Azerbaijan province. It is the fourth most populous city in Iran. Located in the Quru River valley, in Iran's historic Azerbaijan region, between long ridges of volcanic cones in the Sahand and Eynali mountains, Tabriz's elevation ranges between 1,350 and 1,600 metres (4,430 and 5,250 ft) above sea level. The valley opens up into a plain that gently slopes down to the eastern shores of Lake Urmia, 60 kilometres (37 miles) to the west. With cold winters and temperate summers, Tabriz is considered a summer resort. It was named World Carpet Weaving City by the World Crafts Council in October 2015 and Exemplary Tourist City of 2018 by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

With a population of over 2 million (2016), Tabriz is the largest economic hub and metropolitan area in Northwest Iran. The population is overwhelmingly Azerbaijani, though Persian is spoken by residents as a second language. Tabriz is a major heavy industries hub for automobiles, machine tools, refineries, petrochemicals, textiles and cement production industries. The city is famous for its handicrafts, including hand-woven rugs and jewellery. Local confectionery, chocolate, dried nuts and traditional Tabrizi food are recognised throughout Iran as some of the best. Tabriz is also an academic hub and a site for some of the most prestigious cultural institutes in Northwest Iran.

Tabriz contains many historical monuments, representing Iran's architectural transition throughout its deep history. Most of Tabriz's preserved historical sites belong to Ilkhanid, Safavid and Qajar. Among these sites is the grand Bazaar of Tabriz, which is designated a World Heritage Site. From the early modern era, Tabriz was pivotal in the development, movement and economy of its three neighboring regions; namely the Caucasus, Eastern Anatolia and Central Iran. In modern era city played a vital role in the history of Iran. As the country's closest hub to Europe, many aspects of early modernisation in Iran began in Tabriz. Prior to forced ceding of Iran's Caucasian territories to Imperial Russia, following two Russo-Persian Wars in the first half of the 19th century, Tabriz was at the forefront of Iranian rule over its Caucasian territories. Until 1925, the city was the traditional residence for the crown princes of the Qajar dynasty.

Economy

Tabriz is the largest economic center in Northwest Iran. The economy of Tabriz is based on commerce, services, health care and pharmaceutical, small and heavy industries, and handcrafts. Tabriz is the main site for four of Iran's Fortune 100 companies including: ITMCO, Palaz Moket, Kashi Tabriz, Shirin Asal, Aydin.

Images for kids

  • Tabriz-16

    16th-century schematic map of Tabriz by Matrakçı Nasuh

  • Municipality building of Tabriz

    Tabriz Municipality Palace, built on 1934

  • Tabriz Aerial View

    Aerial view of northeast Tabriz, May 2012

  • Tabriz City Hall

    Saat Tower, Municipality Museum and former municipality office.

  • Tabriz Municipality Building2

    Main Municipality Office

  • A Page from the only manuscript of Safina-ye Tabrizi

    A Page from the only manuscript of Safina-yi Tabriz. It contains a Persian and a Pahlavi poem

  • Tabriz School Shirin

    Tabriz style in Iranian miniature

  • 2012 Tabriz 7421712844

    Bazaar vendor of electrical goods

  • Tabriz university 2009

    University of Tabriz as seen from the Applied Physics Faculty

  • TabrizRail

    Tabriz Railway Station

  • Tabriz Metro on Bridge

    Tabriz Metro

  • Sahand Stadium

    Sahand Stadium in a Tractor Sazi football match

  • Tabriz, IRIB

    Sahand TV main building

  • Tabriz by Eugène Flandin

    Saheb-ol-Amr Mosque and Quru river, Eugène Flandin 1841.

  • City Gate , Tabriz by Eugène Flandin

    Sketch of the gate of Tabriz, Eugène Flandin 1841.

  • House Hussein Khan, Tabriz by Eugène Flandin

    A sketch of a 19th-century house in Tabriz, Eugène Flandin.

  • Jules Laurens 16

    Painting of Blue mosque, Jules Laurens, 1872.

  • Tabriz Map 1908

    Siege of Tabriz during Constitutional Revolution, September 27, 1908.

  • Revolutionists defending Davachi bridge, Tabriz (May 1, 1909)

    Constitutional revolutionists defending Davachi bridge against monarchists, May 1, 1909.

  • TabrizRevolutionaries

    Constitutionals in Tabriz, 1911.

  • Arg-Tabriz-USA

    Ark of Tabriz and US flag in the days after constitutional revolution, 1911.

  • Russian flag on top of Ark, 1911

    Russian Invasion of Tabriz, 1911.

  • Soviet six horse foot artillery team on the streets of Tabriz

    Soviet artillery units passing through Tabriz, World War II.

  • Soviet tankmen of the 6th Armoured Division drive through the streets of Tabriz (2)

    Soviet Tank and troops marching through Tabriz, World War II.

  • Soviet tankmen of the 6th Armoured Division drive through the streets of Tebriz

    Soviet T-26 Tank passing through main street of Tabriz, World War II.

  • Koofteh Tabrizi and Bonab Kababi

    A table of some of Tabriz traditional foods (köfte and syrup with sangak and Bonab Kababi with rice)

  • Kufteh1

    Kufteh Tabrizi

  • Qurutli ash

    Qurutli ash, a thick soup made of qurut

  • Nooka

    Nouga (Nougat)

  • Riss TBZ

    Riss

  • Konjod

    Konjod Halvasi, a laminal sesame cookie.

  • Baglava, Tabriz, Iran

    Tabriz's Baklava

  • Dried fried nuts

    Dried, Fried, and Salted Nuts

  • Tabriz City Hall

    Saat Tower

  • Carpet Bazaar of Tabriz

    The Grand Bazaar

  • Eternal Love

    Iron Age museum

  • Amir Nezam House 1

    Amir Nezam House (Qajar museum)

  • House-of-Constitutional-Revolution

    Constitution House of Tabriz

  • Musée mesures tabriz

    Measure museum of Tabriz

  • Behnam's House, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Azerbaijan, Iran, 08-19-2006

    Behnam House

  • Ghari Bridge

    Qari Bridge

  • TabrizAzerbaijanMuseum 2

    Azerbaijan Museum

  • Blue mosque tabriz 3

    Blue Mosque

  • Shah-Goli.Tabriz

    Shah-goli park

  • The Virgin Mary (Gerigury) church

    Saint Mary Church of Tabriz

  • Chay kenar - Tabriz

    Chay kenar (river side) at night

  • Masjed+imamzadeh tabriz

    Seyed Hamzeh shrine and mosque

  • Shah Goli and Pars hotel

    Shah Goli Park

  • Eynali picknick

    Eynali artificial forest in the north of the Tabriz

  • Week-end ritual

    A week-end ritual at Eynali peak

  • TCarpet2

    A sample of Tabriz rugs

  • Iranian Astrolab

    A newly made bronze Astrolabe, as a sample of Ghalamzani in Tabriz

  • Tabriz Graver 001

    An engraver in Tabriz

  • Shamse Tabrizi

    Shams Tabrizi, poet.

  • Naser edin shah by Kamalolmolk

    King Naser al-Din Shah Qajar.

  • Iraj mirza picture

    Iraj Mirza, poet.

  • Colonel pesian

    Colonel Pessian, military commander and first Iranian pilot.

  • Sattar khan

    Sattar Khan, pivotal figure in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution.

  • Farhad Fakhraddini

    Farhad Fakhreddini composer, conductor and founder of Iran’s National Orchestra.

  • Shahriyar

    Mohammad-Hossein Shahriar, poet.

  • Gholam-Hossein Saedi

    Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi, writer.

  • Samad Behrangi

    Samad Behrangi, teacher, social critic, folklorist, translator, and writer.

  • Hossein Shahabi

    Hossein Shahabi, film director.

  • Tahmineh Milani

    Tahmineh Milani, film director.

  • Karim Bagheri Semnan 2008

    Karim Bagheri, coach and former football player.

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Tabriz Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.