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Global 200 facts for kids

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The Global 200 is the list of ecoregions identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) as priorities for conservation. According to the WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species, dynamics, and environmental conditions (Dinerstein et al. 1995, TNC 1997)."

The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: critical or endangered; vulnerable; and relatively stable or intact. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.

Contents

Global 200: Terrestrial

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

Afrotropic

  • Guinean moist forests
  • Congolian coastal forests
  • Cameroon Highlands forests
  • Northeastern Congolian lowland forests
  • Central Congolian lowland forests
  • Western Congolian moist forests
  • Albertine Rift montane forests
  • East African Coastal Forests
  • Eastern African montane forests
  • Madagascar lowlands and subhumid forests
  • Seychelles and Mascarene Islands moist forests

Australasia

Indomalaya

  • South Western Ghats montane rain forests and moist deciduous forests
  • Sri Lanka moist forests
  • Northern Indochina Subtropical moist forests
  • Southeast China-Hainan moist forests
  • Taiwan montane forests
  • Annamite Range moist forests
  • Sumatran Islands lowland and montane forests
  • Philippines moist forests
  • Palawan moist forests
  • Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim moist forests
  • Peninsular Malaysian lowland and montane forests
  • Borneo lowland and montane forests
  • Nansei Shoto Archipelago forests
  • Eastern Deccan Plateau moist forests
  • Naga-Manipuri-Chin hills moist forests
  • Cardamom Mountains moist forests
  • Western Java montane forests

Neotropic

  • Greater Antillean moist forests
  • Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific forests
  • Choco-Darien moist forests
  • Northern Andean montane forests
  • Coastal Venezuela montane forests
  • Guianan moist forests
  • Napo moist forests
  • Rio Negro-Jurua moist forests
  • Guayana Highlands moist forests
  • Central Andean yungas
  • Southwestern Amazonian moist forests
  • Atlantic forests

Oceania

  • South Pacific Islands forests
  • Hawaii moist forests

Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

Afrotropic

  • Madagascar dry deciduous forests

Australasia

  • Nusa Tenggara dry forests
  • New Caledonia dry forests

Indomalaya

  • Indochina dry forests
  • Chhota-Nagpur dry forests

Neotropic

  • Mexican dry forests
  • Tumbesian-Andean valleys dry forests
  • Chiquitano dry forests
  • Atlantic dry forests

Oceania

  • Hawaii dry forests

Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests

Nearctic

  • Sierra Madre Oriental and Occidental pine-oak forests

Neotropic

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

Australasia

Indomalaya

  • Eastern Himalayan broadleaf and conifer forests
  • Western Himalayan temperate forests

Nearctic

  • Appalachian and mixed mesophytic forests

Palearctic

  • Southwest China temperate forests
  • Russian Far East temperate forests

Temperate coniferous forests

Nearctic

Neotropic

Palearctic

  • European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests
  • Caucasus-Anatolian-Hycanian temperate forests
  • Altai-Sayan montane forests
  • Hengduan Shan coniferous forests

Boreal forests/taiga

Nearctic

  • Muskwa-Slave Lake boreal forests
  • Canadian taiga

Palearctic

  • Ural Mountains taiga
  • East Siberian taiga;
  • Kamchatka taiga and grasslands

Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

Afrotropic

  • Horn of Africa acacia savannas
  • East African acacia savannas
  • Central and Eastern miombo woodlands
  • Sudanian savannas

Australasia

  • Northern Australia and Trans-Fly savannas

Indomalaya

  • Terai-Duar savannas and grasslands

Neotropic

Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

Nearctic

  • Northern prairie

Neotropic

Palearctic

  • Daurian steppe

Flooded grasslands and savannas

Afrotropic

  • Sudd-Sahelian flooded grasslands and savannas
  • Zambezian flooded savannas

Indomalaya

Neotropic

Montane grasslands and shrublands

Afrotropic

  • Ethiopian Highlands
  • Southern Rift montane woodlands
  • East African moorlands
  • Drakenberg montane shrublands and woodlands

Australasia

  • Central Range subalpine grasslands

Indomalaya

  • Kinabalu montane shrublands

Neotropic

Palearctic

  • Tibetan Plateau steppe
  • Middle Asian montane steppe and woodlands
  • Eastern Himalayan alpine meadows

Tundra

Nearctic

  • Alaskan North Slope coastal tundra
  • Canadian low arctic tundra

Palearctic

  • Fenno-Scandia alpine tundra and taiga
  • Taimyr and Russian coastal tundra
  • Chukote coastal tundra

Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub

Afrotropic

  • Fynbos

Australasia

  • Southwestern Australia forests and scrub
  • Southern Australia mallee and woodlands

Nearctic

Neotropic

Palearctic

Deserts and xeric shrublands

Afrotropic

  • Namib-Karoo-kaokoveld deserts
  • Madagascar spiny thicket
  • Socotra Island desert
  • Arabian Highland woodlands and shrublands

Australasia

  • Carnavon xeric scrub
  • Great Sandy-Tanami deserts

Nearctic

Neotropic

Palearctic

  • Central Asian deserts

Mangroves

Afrotropic

  • Gulf of Guinea mangroves
  • East African mangroves
  • Madagascar mangroves

Australasia

  • New Guinea mangroves

Indomalaya

Neotropic

  • Guianan-Amazon mangroves
  • Panama Bight mangroves

Global 200: Freshwater ecoregions

Large rivers

Afrotropic

Indomalaya

  • Mekong River (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)

Nearctic

Neotropic

Palearctic

Large river headwaters

Afrotropic

  • Congo basin piedmont rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Sudan)

Nearctic

  • Mississippi piedmont rivers and streams (United States)

Neotropic

  • Upper Amazon rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana (France), Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela)
  • Upper Paraná rivers and streams (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
  • Brazilian Shield Amazonian rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)

Large river deltas

Afrotropic

Indomalaya

  • Indus River Delta (India, Pakistan)

Palearctic

  • Volga River Delta (Kazakhstan, Russia)
  • Mesopotamian delta and marshes (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait)
  • Danube River delta (Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia)
  • Lena River delta (Russia)

Small rivers

Afrotropic

  • Upper Guinea rivers and streams (Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone)
  • Madagascar freshwater (Madagascar)
  • Gulf of Guinea rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo)
  • Cape rivers and streams (South Africa)

Australasia

Indomalaya

  • Xi Jiang rivers and streams (China, Vietnam)
  • Western Ghats Rivers and Streams (India)
  • Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams (Sri Lanka)
  • Salween River (China, Myanmar, Thailand)
  • Sundaland rivers and swamps (Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore)

Nearctic

  • Southeastern rivers and streams (United States)
  • Pacific Northwest coastal rivers and streams (United States)
  • Gulf of Alaska coastal rivers and streams (Canada, United States)

Neotropic

  • Guianan freshwater (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
  • Greater Antillean freshwater (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico)

Palearctic

  • Balkan rivers and streams (Albania, Bosnia and Herzogovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia)
  • Russian Far East rivers and wetlands (China, Mongolia, Russia)

Large lakes

Afrotropic

  • Rift Valley lakes (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)

Neotropic

  • High Andean lakes (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)

Palearctic

Small lakes

Afrotropic

  • Cameroon crater lakes (Cameroon)

Australasia

  • Lakes Kutubu and Sentani (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
  • Central Sulawesi lakes (Indonesia)

Indomalaya

  • Philippines freshwater (Philippines)
  • Inle Lake (Myanmar)
  • Yunnan lakes and streams (China)

Neotropic

  • Mexican highland lakes (Mexico)

Xeric basins

Australasia

  • Central Australian freshwater (Australia)

Nearctic

Palearctic

  • Anatolian freshwater (Syria, Turkey)

Global 200 Marine ecoregions

Polar

Antarctic Ocean

  • Antarctic Peninsula & Weddell Sea

Arctic Ocean

  • Bering Sea (Canada, Russia, United States)
  • Barents-Kara Sea (Norway, Russia)

Temperate shelfs and seas

Mediterranean

  • Mediterranean Sea (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey)

North Temperate Atlantic

  • Northeast Atlantic Shelf Marine (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom)
  • Grand Banks (Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon (France), United States)
  • Chesapeake Bay (United States)

North Temperate Indo-Pacific

Southern Ocean

  • Patagonian Southwest Atlantic (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)
  • Southern Australian Marine (Australia)
  • New Zealand Marine (New Zealand)

Temperate upwelling

North Temperate Indo-Pacific

South Temperate Atlantic

  • Benguela Current (Namibia, South Africa)

South Temperate Indo-Pacific

  • Humboldt Current (Chile, Ecuador, Peru)
  • Agulhas Current (Mozambique, South Africa)

Tropical upwelling

Central Indo-Pacific

  • Western Australian Marine (Australia)

Eastern Indo-Pacific

  • Panama Bight (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
  • Gulf of California (Mexico)
  • Galápagos Marine (Ecuador)

Eastern Tropical Atlantic

  • Canary Current (Canary Islands, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Western Sahara)

Tropical coral

Central Indo-Pacific

  • Nansei Shoto (Japan)
  • Sulu-Sulawesi Seas (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines)
  • Bismarck-Solomon Seas (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands)
  • Banda-Flores Sea (Indonesia)
  • New Caledonia Barrier Reef (New Caledonia)
  • Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
  • Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands Marine (Australia)
  • Palau Marine (Palau)
  • Andaman Sea (Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand)

Eastern Indo-Pacific

  • Tahitian Marine (Cook Islands, French Polynesia)
  • Hawaiian Marine (Hawaii)
  • Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
  • Fiji Barrier Reef (Fiji)

Western Indo-Pacific

  • Maldives, Chagos, and Lakshadweep atolls (Chagos Archipelago (United Kingdom), India, Maldives, Sri Lanka)
  • Red Sea (Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen)
  • Arabian Sea (Djibouti, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen)
  • East African Marine (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania)
  • West Madagascar Marine (Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte and Iles Glorieuses (France), Seychelles)

Western Tropical Atlantic

  • Mesoamerican Reef (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico)
  • Greater Antillean Marine (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States)
  • Southern Caribbean Sea (Aruba, Columbia, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)
  • Northeast Brazil Shelf Marine (Brazil)

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See also

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