List of mammals of the United States facts for kids

About 490 species of mammals are recorded in the United States. This list is probably incomplete. Unincorporated territories like for example Puerto Rico, Guam or Northern Mariana Islands are not covered. Mammals introduced and extinct in the Holocene except Pleistocene/Holocene boundary are included.

According to the IUCN Red List 3 of these species are critically endangered, 20 endangered, 15 vulnerable, 20 near threatened and 4 extinct.

Some species are identified as indicated below:

(A) - Accidental
(E) - Extinct
(Ex) - Extirpated (extinct in the US, but exists elsewhere in the world)
(I) - Introduced

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX	Extinct	No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW	Extinct in the wild	Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its previous range.
CR	Critically endangered	The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN	Endangered	The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU	Vulnerable	The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT	Near threatened	The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorize it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC	Least concern	There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD	Data deficient	There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

(v. 2013.2, the data are current as of March 5, 2014)

and the Endangered Species Act:

E	Endangered
T	Threatened
XN, XE	eXperimental Nonessential or Essential population
E(S/A), T(S/A)	Endangered or Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance

(the data are current as of March 28, 2014)

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)

Virginia opossum

Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.

Family: Didelphidae (American opossums)
- Subfamily: Didelphinae
  - Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana LC

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

Nine-banded armadillo

The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species. Only the nine-banded armadillo is found in the United States.

Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos)
- Subfamily: Dasypodinae
  - Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus LC

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

American beaver

Eastern gray squirrel

Fox squirrel

American red squirrel

Southern flying squirrel

White-tailed antelope squirrel

Black-tailed prairie dog

Yellow-bellied marmot

Round-tailed ground squirrel

Richardson's ground squirrel

Eastern chipmunk

Least chipmunk

Northern pocket gopher

Ord's kangaroo rat

Singing vole

White-footed mouse

Hispid cotton rat

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Suborder: Hystricognathi
- Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
  - Subfamily: Erethizontinae
    - North American porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum LC
Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Aplodontiidae (mountain beaver)
  - Mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa LC (ssp. nigra: E)
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
  - American beaver, Castor canadensis LC
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
  - Subfamily: Sciurinae
    - Tribe: Pteromyini
      - Northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus LC
        (Carolina northern flying squirrel G. s. coloratus and Virginia northern flying squirrel G. s. fuscus: E)
      - Humboldt's flying squirrel, Glaucomys oregonensis
      - Southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans LC
    - Tribe: Sciurini
      - Abert's squirrel, Sciurus aberti LC
      - Arizona gray squirrel, Sciurus arizonensis DD
      - Eastern gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis LC
      - Western gray squirrel, Sciurus griseus LC
      - Mexican fox squirrel, Sciurus nayaritensis LC
      - Fox squirrel, Sciurus niger LC
        (Delmarva fox squirrel, S. n. cinereus: E)
      - Douglas squirrel, Tamiasciurus douglasii LC
      - North American red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus LC
        (Mount Graham red squirrel, T. h. grahamensis: E)
  - Subfamily: Xerinae
    - Tribe: Marmotini
      - Harris's antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus harrisii LC
      - Texas antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus interpres LC
      - White-tailed antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus leucurus LC
      - San Joaquin antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus nelsoni EN
      - Gunnison's prairie dog, Cynomys gunnisoni LC
      - White-tailed prairie dog, Cynomys leucurus LC
      - Black-tailed prairie dog, Cynomys ludovicianus LC
      - Utah prairie dog, Cynomys parvidens EN T
      - Alaska marmot, Marmota broweri (Alaska only) LC
      - Hoary marmot, Marmota caligata LC
      - Yellow-bellied marmot, Marmota flaviventris LC
      - Groundhog, Marmota monax LC
      - Olympic marmot, Marmota olympus LC
      - California ground squirrel, Otospermophilus beecheyi LC
      - Rock squirrel, Otospermophilus variegatus LC
      - Golden-mantled ground squirrel, Callospermophilus lateralis LC
      - Cascade golden-mantled ground squirrel, Callospermophilus saturatus LC
      - Mohave ground squirrel, Xerospermophilus mohavensis VU
      - Spotted ground squirrel, Xerospermophilus spilosoma LC
      - Round-tailed ground squirrel, Xerospermophilus tereticaudus LC
      - Franklin's ground squirrel, Poliocitellus franklinii LC
      - Mexican ground squirrel, Ictidomys mexicanus LC
      - Rio Grande ground squirrel, Ictidomys parvidens
      - Thirteen-lined ground squirrel, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus LC
      - Uinta ground squirrel, Urocitellus armatus LC
      - Belding's ground squirrel, Urocitellus beldingi LC
      - Northern Idaho ground squirrel, Urocitellus brunneus CR
      - Southern Idaho ground squirrel, Urocitellus endemicus VU
      - Columbian ground squirrel, Urocitellus columbianus LC
      - Wyoming ground squirrel, Urocitellus elegans LC
      - Arctic ground squirrel, Urocitellus parryii (Alaska only) LC
      - Richardson's ground squirrel, Urocitellus richardsonii LC
      - Townsend's ground squirrel, Urocitellus townsendii VU and:
        Merriam's ground squirrel, Urocitellus canus LC
        
        Piute ground squirrel, Urocitellus mollis LC
        
        Townsend's ground squirrel, Urocitellus (townsendii) nancyae VU
      - Washington ground squirrel, Urocitellus washingtoni NT
      - Alpine chipmunk, Neotamias alpinus LC
      - Yellow-pine chipmunk, Neotamias amoenus LC
      - Gray-footed chipmunk, Neotamias canipes LC
      - Gray-collared chipmunk, Neotamias cinereicollis LC
      - Cliff chipmunk, Neotamias dorsalis LC
      - Merriam's chipmunk, Neotamias merriami LC
      - Least chipmunk, Neotamias minimus LC
      - California chipmunk, Neotamias obscurus LC
      - Yellow-cheeked chipmunk, Neotamias ochrogenys LC
      - Palmer's chipmunk, Neotamias palmeri EN
      - Panamint chipmunk, Neotamias panamintinus LC
      - Long-eared chipmunk, Neotamias quadrimaculatus LC
      - Colorado chipmunk, Neotamias quadrivittatus LC
      - Red-tailed chipmunk, Neotamias ruficaudus LC
      - Hopi chipmunk, Neotamias rufus LC
      - Allen's chipmunk, Neotamias senex LC
      - Siskiyou chipmunk, Neotamias siskiyou LC
      - Sonoma chipmunk, Neotamias sonomae LC
      - Lodgepole chipmunk, Neotamias speciosus LC
      - Eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus LC
      - Townsend's chipmunk, Neotamias townsendii LC
      - Uinta chipmunk, Neotamias umbrinus LC
- Family: Geomyidae
  - Desert pocket gopher, Geomys arenarius NT
  - Attwater's pocket gopher, Geomys attwateri LC
  - Baird's pocket gopher, Geomys breviceps LC
  - Plains pocket gopher, Geomys bursarius LC and:
    - Hall's pocket gopher, Geomys jugossicularis
    - Sand Hills pocket gopher, Geomys lutescens
  - Knox Jones's pocket gopher, Geomys knoxjonesi LC
  - Texas pocket gopher, Geomys personatus LC and:
    - Strecker's pocket gopher, Geomys streckeri
  - Southeastern pocket gopher, Geomys pinetis LC
  - Llano pocket gopher, Geomys texensis LC
  - Yellow-faced pocket gopher, Pappogeomys castanops LC
  - Botta's pocket gopher, Thomomys bottae LC
  - Camas pocket gopher, Thomomys bulbivorus LC
  - Wyoming pocket gopher, Thomomys clusius LC
  - Idaho pocket gopher, Thomomys idahoensis LC
  - Mazama pocket gopher, Thomomys mazama LC
  - Mountain pocket gopher, Thomomys monticola LC
  - Northern pocket gopher, Thomomys talpoides LC
  - Townsend's pocket gopher, Thomomys townsendii LC
  - Southern pocket gopher, Thomomys umbrinus LC
- Family: Heteromyidae
  - Subfamily: Dipodomyinae
    - Agile kangaroo rat, Dipodomys agilis LC
    - California kangaroo rat, Dipodomys californicus LC
    - Gulf Coast kangaroo rat, Dipodomys compactus LC
    - Desert kangaroo rat, Dipodomys deserti LC
    - Texas kangaroo rat, Dipodomys elator VU
    - Heermann's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys heermanni LC
      (Morro Bay kangaroo rat, D. h. morroensis: E)
    - Giant kangaroo rat, Dipodomys ingens EN E
    - Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami LC (San Bernardino kangaroo rat, D. m. parvus: E)
    - Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat, Dipodomys microps LC
    - Fresno kangaroo rat, Dipodomys nitratoides VU (Fresno subspecies D. n. exilis and Tipton kangaroo rat, D. n. nitratoides: E)
    - Ord's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys ordii LC
    - Panamint kangaroo rat, Dipodomys panamintinus LC
    - Banner-tailed kangaroo rat, Dipodomys spectabilis NT
    - Stephens' kangaroo rat, Dipodomys stephensi EN E
    - Dulzura kangaroo rat, Dipodomys simulans LC
    - Narrow-faced kangaroo rat, Dipodomys venustus LC and:
      - Big-eared kangaroo rat, Dipodomys (venustus) elephantinus
        (D. venustus: LC)
    - Dark kangaroo mouse, Microdipodops megacephalus LC
    - Pale kangaroo mouse, Microdipodops pallidus LC
  - Subfamily: Heteromyinae
    - Mexican spiny pocket mouse, Liomys irroratus LC
  - Subfamily: Perognathinae
    - Bailey's pocket mouse, Chaetodipus baileyi LC
    - California pocket mouse, Chaetodipus californicus LC
    - Nelson's pocket mouse, Chaetodipus nelsoni LC
    - Chihuahuan pocket mouse, Chaetodipus eremicus LC
    - San Diego pocket mouse, Chaetodipus fallax LC
    - Long-tailed pocket mouse, Chaetodipus formosus LC
    - Hispid pocket mouse, Chaetodipus hispidus LC
    - Rock pocket mouse, Chaetodipus intermedius LC
    - Desert pocket mouse, Chaetodipus penicillatus LC
    - Baja pocket mouse, Chaetodipus rudinoris LC
    - Spiny pocket mouse, Chaetodipus spinatus LC
    - White-eared pocket mouse, Perognathus alticola EN
    - Arizona pocket mouse, Perognathus amplus LC
    - Olive-backed pocket mouse, Perognathus fasciatus LC
    - Plains pocket mouse, Perognathus flavescens LC
    - Silky pocket mouse, Perognathus flavus LC
    - San Joaquin pocket mouse, Perognathus inornatus LC
    - Little pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris LC
      (Pacific pocket mouse, P. l. pacificus: E)
    - Merriam's pocket mouse, Perognathus merriami LC
    - Columbia Plateau pocket mouse, Perognathus parvus LC
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
  - Subfamily: Zapodinae
    - Woodland jumping mouse, Napaeozapus insignis LC
    - Meadow jumping mouse, Zapus hudsonius LC
      (Preble's meadow jumping mouse, Z. h. preblei: T)
    - Western jumping mouse, Zapus princeps LC
    - Pacific jumping mouse, Zapus trinotatus LC
- Family: Cricetidae
  - Subfamily: Arvicolinae
    - White-footed vole, Arborimus albipes LC
    - Red tree vole, Arborimus longicaudus NT
    - California red tree mouse, Arborimus pomo NT
    - Western red-backed vole, Clethrionomys californicus LC
    - Southern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys gapperi LC
    - Northern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rutilus (Alaska only) LC
    - Northern collared lemming, Dicrostonyx groenlandicus (Alaska only) LC
    - Nelson's collared lemming, Dicrostonyx nelsoni (Alaska only) LC
    - Unalaska collared lemming, Dicrostonyx unalascensis (Alaska only) DD
    - Sagebrush vole, Lemmiscus curtatus LC
    - North American brown lemming, Lemmus trimucronatus (Alaska only) LC
    - Insular vole, Microtus abbreviatus (Alaska only) LC
    - Beach vole, Microtus breweri VU
    - California vole, Microtus californicus LC (ssp. scirpen: E)
    - Gray-tailed vole, Microtus canicaudus LC
    - Rock vole, Microtus chrotorrhinus LC
    - Long-tailed vole, Microtus longicaudus LC
    - Mexican vole, Microtus mexicanus LC
      (including M. mogollonensis: LC, ssp. hualpaiensis: E)) and:
      - Mogollon vole, Microtus mogollonensis
    - Singing vole, Microtus miurus (Alaska only) LC
    - Montane vole, Microtus montanus LC
    - Prairie vole, Microtus ochrogaster LC
    - Tundra vole, Microtus oeconomus (Alaska only) LC
    - Creeping vole, Microtus oregoni LC
    - Eastern meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus LC and:
      - Western meadow vole, Microtus drummondii
      - Florida salt marsh vole, Microtus dukecampbelli (M. p. dukecampbelli: E)
    - Woodland vole, Microtus pinetorum LC
    - Water vole, Microtus richardsoni LC
    - Townsend's vole, Microtus townsendii LC
    - Taiga vole, Microtus xanthognathus (Alaska only) LC
    - Round-tailed muskrat, Neofiber alleni LC
    - Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus LC
    - Western heather vole, Phenacomys intermedius LC
    - Eastern heather vole, Phenacomys ungava LC
    - Northern bog lemming, Synaptomys borealis LC
    - Southern bog lemming, Synaptomys cooperi LC
  - Subfamily: Neotominae
    - Northern pygmy mouse, Baiomys taylori LC
    - White-throated woodrat, Neotoma albigula LC
    - Bryant's woodrat, Neotoma bryanti LC
    - Bushy-tailed woodrat, Neotoma cinerea LC
    - Arizona woodrat, Neotoma devia LC
    - Eastern woodrat, Neotoma floridana LC (Key Largo woodrat, N. f. smalli: E)
    - Dusky-footed woodrat, Neotoma fuscipes LC (ssp. riparia: E)
    - Desert woodrat, Neotoma lepida {{IUCN status|LC|14589}
    - White-toothed woodrat, Neotoma leucodon LC
    - Big-eared woodrat, Neotoma macrotis LC
    - Allegheny woodrat, Neotoma magister NT
    - Mexican woodrat, Neotoma mexicana LC
    - Southern plains woodrat, Neotoma micropus LC
    - Stephen's woodrat, Neotoma stephensi LC
    - Golden mouse, Ochrotomys nuttalli LC
    - Texas mouse, Peromyscus attwateri LC
    - Brush mouse, Peromyscus boylii LC
    - California mouse, Peromyscus californicus LC
    - Canyon mouse, Peromyscus crinitus LC
    - Cactus mouse, Peromyscus eremicus LC
    - Northern Baja deer mouse, Peromyscus fraterculus LC
    - Cotton mouse, Peromyscus gossypinus LC (ssp. allapaticola: E)
    - Osgood's mouse, Peromyscus gratus LC
    - Northwestern deer mouse, Peromyscus keeni LC
    - southern white-ankled mouse, Peromyscus pectoralis LC
    - White-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus LC
    - Eastern deermouse, Peromyscus maniculatus LC and:
      - Gambel's deermouse, Peromyscus gambelii
      - Southern deermouse, Peromyscus labecula
      - Western deermouse, Peromyscus sonoriensis
    - Black-eared mouse, Peromyscus melanotis LC
    - Mesquite mouse, Peromyscus merriami LC
    - Northern rock mouse, Peromyscus nasutus LC
    - Oldfield mouse, Peromyscus polionotus LC (Choctawatchee beach mouse, P. p. allophrys, Perdido Key beach mouse, P. p. trissyllepsis, St. Andrews beach mouse, P. p. peninsularis, Alabama beach mouse, P. p. ammobates and Anastasia Island beach mouse, P. p. phasma: E, Southeastern beach mouse, P. p. niveiventris: T)
    - Pinyon mouse, Peromyscus truei LC
    - Florida mouse, Podomys floridanus VU
    - Fulvous harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys fulvescens LC
    - Eastern harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys humulis LC
    - Western harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys megalotis LC
    - Plains harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys montanus LC
    - Salt marsh harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys raviventris EN E
  - Subfamily: Sigmodontinae
    - Chihuahuan grasshopper mouse, Onychomys arenicola LC
    - Northern grasshopper mouse, Onychomys leucogaster LC
    - Southern grasshopper mouse, Onychomys torridus LC
    - Coues' rice rat, Oryzomys couesi LC
    - Common marsh rice rat, Oryzomys palustris LC (ssp. natator: E)
    - Arizona cotton rat, Sigmodon arizonae LC
    - Tawny-bellied cotton rat, Sigmodon fulviventer LC
    - Hispid cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus LC
    - Yellow-nosed cotton rat, Sigmodon ochrognathus LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
- Collared pika, Ochotona collaris (Alaska only) LC
- American pika, Ochotona princeps LC
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Pygmy rabbit, Brachylagus idahoensis LC E
- Swamp rabbit, Sylvilagus aquaticus LC
- Desert cottontail, Sylvilagus audubonii LC
- Brush rabbit, Sylvilagus bachmani LC (ssp. riparius: E)
- Manzano mountain cottontail, Sylvilagus cognatus DD (formerly in Sylvilagus floridanus)
- Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus LC
- Mountain cottontail, Sylvilagus nuttallii LC
- Appalachian cottontail, Sylvilagus obscurus NT
- Marsh rabbit, Sylvilagus palustris LC (Lower Keys marsh rabbit, S. p. hefneri: E)
- Robust cottontail, Sylvilagus robustus EN
- New England cottontail, Sylvilagus transitionalis VU
- Antelope jackrabbit, Lepus alleni LC
- Snowshoe hare, Lepus americanus LC
- Black-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus californicus LC
- White-sided jackrabbit, Lepus callotis NT
- Alaskan hare, Lepus othus (Alaska only) LC
- White-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus townsendii LC

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)

Marsh shrew

Smoky shrew

American water shrew

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Soricinae
  - Tribe: Blarinini
    - Northern short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda LC
    - Southern short-tailed shrew, Blarina carolinensis LC and:
      - Sherman's short-tailed shrew, Blarina shermani
      - Everglades short-tailed shrew, Blarina peninsulae
    - Elliot's short-tailed shrew, Blarina hylophaga LC
    - North American least shrew, Cryptotis parva LC and:
      - Berlandier's least shrew, Cryptotis berlandieri
  - Tribe: Notiosoricini
    - Cockrum's gray shrew, Notiosorex cockrumi LC
    - Crawford's gray shrew, Notiosorex crawfordi LC and:
      - Ticul's gray shrew, Notiosorex tataticuli
  - Tribe: Soricini
    - Glacier Bay water shrew, Sorex alaskanus (Alaska only) DD
    - Arctic shrew, Sorex arcticus LC
    - Arizona shrew, Sorex arizonae LC
    - Baird's shrew, Sorex bairdi LC
    - Marsh shrew, Sorex bendirii LC
    - Cinereus shrew, Sorex cinereus LC and:
      - Maryland shrew, Sorex cinereus fontinalis
    - Long-tailed shrew, Sorex dispar LC and:
      - Gaspé shrew, Sorex gaspensis
    - Smoky shrew, Sorex fumeus LC
    - Prairie shrew, Sorex haydeni LC
    - American pygmy shrew, Sorex hoyi LC and:
      - Western pygmy shrew, Sorex eximius
    - Pribilof Island shrew, Sorex pribilofensis (Alaska only) EN
    - Saint Lawrence Island shrew, Sorex jacksoni (Alaska only) LC
    - Southeastern shrew, Sorex longirostris LC
    - Mount Lyell shrew, Sorex lyelli LC
    - Merriam's shrew, Sorex merriami LC
    - Southern montane shrew, Sorex monticolus LC and:
      - Northern montane shrew, Sorex obscurus
    - Dwarf shrew, Sorex nanus LC
    - New Mexico shrew, Sorex neomexicanus DD
    - Ornate shrew, Sorex ornatus LC (ssp. relictus: E)
    - Pacific shrew, Sorex pacificus LC
    - American water shrew, Sorex palustris LC and:
      - Eastern water shrew, Sorex albibarbis
      - Western water shrew, Sorex navigator
    - Preble's shrew, Sorex preblei LC
    - Olympic shrew, Sorex rohweri LC (formerly in Sorex cinereus)
    - Fog shrew, Sorex sonomae LC
    - Inyo shrew, Sorex tenellus LC
    - Trowbridge's shrew, Sorex trowbridgii LC
    - Tundra shrew, Sorex tundrensis (Alaska only) LC
    - Barren ground shrew, Sorex ugyunak (Alaska only) LC
    - Vagrant shrew, Sorex vagrans LC
    - Alaska tiny shrew, Sorex yukonicus (Alaska only) LC
Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Scalopinae
  - Tribe: Condylurini
    - Star-nosed mole, Condylura cristata LC
  - Tribe: Scalopini
    - Hairy-tailed mole, Parascalops breweri LC
    - Eastern mole, Scalopus aquaticus LC
    - Broad-footed mole, Scapanus latimanus LC
    - Coast mole, Scapanus orarius LC
    - Townsend's mole, Scapanus townsendii LC
- Subfamily: Talpinae
  - Tribe: Neurotrichini
    - Shrew-mole, Neurotrichus gibbsii LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

Eastern small-footed bat

Townsend's big-eared bat

Western mastiff bat

Pocketed free-tailed bat

Mexican free-tailed bats

Ghost-faced bat

California leaf-nosed bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
  - Silver-haired bat, Lasionycteris noctivagans LC
  - Southwestern myotis, Myotis auriculus LC
  - Southeastern myotis, Myotis austroriparius LC
  - California myotis, Myotis californicus LC
  - Western small-footed myotis, Myotis ciliolabrum LC
  - Long-eared myotis, Myotis evotis LC
  - Gray bat, Myotis grisescens NT E
  - Keen's myotis, Myotis keenii LC
  - Eastern small-footed myotis, Myotis leibii LC
  - Little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus LC
  - Dark-nosed small-footed myotis, Myotis melanorhinus LC
  - Arizona myotis, Myotis occultus LC
  - Northern long-eared myotis, Myotis septentrionalis LC
  - Indiana bat, Myotis sodalis EN E
  - Fringed myotis, Myotis thysanodes LC
  - Cave myotis, Myotis velifer LC
  - Long-legged myotis, Myotis volans LC
  - Yuma myotis, Myotis yumanensis LC
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
  - Pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus LC
  - Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus LC
  - Spotted bat, Euderma maculatum LC
  - Allen's big-eared bat, Idionycteris phyllotis LC
  - Eastern red bat, Lasiurus borealis LC
  - Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus LC (Hawaiian hoary bat, L. c. semotus: E)
  - Southern yellow bat, Lasiurus ega LC
  - Desert red bat, Lasiurus frantzii - split from southern red bat, Lasiurus blossevillii LC
  - Northern yellow bat, Lasiurus intermedius LC
  - Seminole bat, Lasiurus seminolus LC
  - Western yellow bat, Lasiurus xanthinus LC
  - Evening bat, Nycticeius humeralis LC
  - Western pipistrelle, Pipistrellus hesperus LC
  - Eastern pipistrelle, Pipistrellus subflavus LC
  - Rafinesque's big-eared bat, Plecotus rafinesquii LC
  - Townsend's big-eared bat, Plecotus townsendii LC
    (ssp. virginianus and ingens: E)
Family: Molossidae
- Wagner's bonneted bat, Eumops glaucinus LC
- Florida bonneted bat, Eumops floridanus CR E (formerly in Eumops glaucinus)
- Western mastiff bat, Eumops perotis LC
- Underwood's bonneted bat, Eumops underwoodi LC
- Velvety free-tailed bat, Molossus molossus LC
- Pocketed free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops femorosaccus LC
- Big free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops macrotis LC
- Mexican free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis LC
Family: Mormoopidae
- Ghost-faced bat, Mormoops megalophylla LC
Family: Phyllostomidae
- Subfamily: Phyllostominae
  - California leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus californicus LC
- Subfamily: Glossophaginae
  - Mexican long-tongued bat, Choeronycteris mexicana NT
  - Lesser long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae VU (Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae: E)
  - Greater long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris nivalis EN E
- Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
  - Velvety fruit-eating bat, Enchisthenes hartii LC
- Subfamily: Desmodontinae
  - Hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata LC

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

Striped skunk

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
  - Jaguarundi, Herpailurus yagouaroundi (Ex) LC
  - Ocelot, Leopardus pardalis LC E
  - Margay, Leopardus wiedii (Ex) NT
  - Canada lynx, Lynx canadensis LC T
  - Bobcat, Lynx rufus LC
  - Cougar, Puma concolor LC T(S/A)
  - Jaguar, Panthera onca NT E
Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs)
  - Coyote, Canis latrans LC
  - Gray wolf, Canis lupus LC E (and XN)
    - Arctic wolf, Canis lupus arctos (Alaska only) LC E (and XN)
    - Red wolf, Canis lupus rufus CR E (and XN)
  - Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus LC
  - Island fox, Urocyon littoralis NT
    (ssp. littoralis, catalinae, santarosae and santacruzae: E)
  - Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus (Alaska only - introduced) LC
  - Kit fox, Vulpes macrotis LC (ssp. mutica: E)
  - Swift fox, Vulpes velox LC (ssp. hebes: E)
  - Red fox, Vulpes vulpes LC
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
  - American black bear, Ursus americanus LC T(S/A)
    (Louisiana black bear U. a. luteolus: T)
  - Brown bear, Ursus arctos LC
    (includes grizzly bear, Ursus arctos horribilis: T, XN,
    Alaskan brown bear Ursus arctos middendorffi, also known as the Kodiak bear,
    and Ursus arctos californicus†, the California grizzly bear EX)
  - Polar bear, Ursus maritimus (Alaska only) VU T
- Family: Procyonidae (raccoons)
  - Ring-tailed cat, Bassariscus astutus LC
  - White-nosed coati, Nasua narica LC
  - Raccoon, Procyon lotor LC
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
  - Sea otter, Enhydra lutris EN (ssp. nereis and kenyoni: T, ssp. nereis also XN)
  - Wolverine, Gulo gulo LC
  - North American river otter, Lontra canadensis LC
  - American marten, Martes americana LC and:
    - Pacific marten, Martes caurina
  - Ermine, Mustela erminea LC
  - Long-tailed weasel, Mustela frenata LC
  - Black-footed ferret, Mustela nigripes EN E (and XN)
  - Least weasel, Mustela nivalis LC
  - American mink, Neovison vison LC
  - Sea mink, †Neovison macrodon (E) EX
  - Fisher, Pekannia pennanti LC
  - American badger, Taxidea taxus LC
- Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sealions)
  - Guadalupe fur seal, Arctocephalus townsendi NT T
  - Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus VU
  - Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus NT T
    (except west of 144° W, where E) (ssp. monteriensis: LC)
  - California sea lion, Zalophus californianus LC
- Family: Mephitidae
  - American hog-nosed skunk, Conepatus leuconotus LC
    (merged with western hog-nosed skunk C. mesoleucus)
  - Hooded skunk, Mephitis macroura LC
  - Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis LC
  - Western spotted skunk, Spilogale gracilis LC
  - Eastern spotted skunk, Spilogale putorius LC
- Family: Odobenidae
  - Walrus, Odobenus rosmarus (Alaska only) DD
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
  - Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata VU
  - Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus LC
  - Gray seal, Halichoerus grypus LC
  - Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata (Alaska almost only) DD
  - Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris LC
  - Hawaiian monk seal, Monachus schauinslandi (Hawaiian Islands only) CR E
  - Caribbean monk seal, †Neomonachus tropicalis (E) EX
  - Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus LC
  - Spotted seal, Phoca largha (Alaska only) DD T
  - Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina LC
  - Ringed seal, Pusa hispida LC

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
- Collared peccary, Tayassu tajacu LC
Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
  - Elk, Cervus canadensis (sometimes as C. elaphus canadensis; C. elaphus: LC)
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
  - Moose, Alces americanus LC (sometimes as Alces alces)
  - Mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus LC
  - White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus LC (Columbian white-tailed deer, O. v. leucurus, and key deer, O. v. clavium: E)
  - Caribou, Rangifer tarandus LC
    (includes migratory woodland caribou, R. t. caribou: E,
    see also: barren-ground caribou, R. t. groenlandicus)
Family: Antilocapridae (pronghorn)
- Pronghorn, Antilocapra americana LC (Sonoran pronghorn, A. a. sonoriensis: E)
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Bovinae
  - American bison, Bison bison NT (wood bison, B. b. athabascae: T)
- Subfamily: Caprinae
  - Mountain goat, Oreamnos americanus LC
  - Muskox, Ovibos moschatus (Alaska only) LC
  - Bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis LC (desert bighorn sheep, O. c. nelsoni and Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep, O. c. sierrae: E)
  - Dall sheep, Ovis dalli (Alaska only) LC

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

West Indian manatee

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands.

Family: Dugongidae
- Steller's sea cow, †Hydrodamalis gigas (E) EX
Family: Trichechidae
- West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus VU E
  (Antillean or Caribbean manatee: EN, ssp. latirostris - Florida manatee: EN)

Order: Cetacea (whales)

Bowhead whale

North Atlantic right whale

Pygmy sperm whale

Common bottlenose dolphin

Striped dolphin

White-beaked dolphin

Killer whale

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenidae
  - Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus (Alaska almost only) LC (Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Sea subpopulation: LC)
  - North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis EN E
  - North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica (A) (Hawaiian Islands only) EN E
    (Northeast Pacific subpopulation: CR)
- Family: Balaenopteridae
  - Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
    - Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
    - Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN E
    - Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni (A) DD
    - Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN E (ssp. brevicauda - pygmy blue whale: DD, ssp. musculus North Pacific stock: LR/cd)
    - Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN E
  - Subfamily: Megapterinae
    - Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC E
- Family: Eschrichtiidae
  - Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus LC E
Suborder: Odontoceti
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
  - Family: Monodontidae
    - Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas NT E (Cook Inlet subpopulation: CR)
    - Narwhal, Monodon monoceros (Alaska only) NT
  - Family: Phocoenidae
    - Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena LC
    - Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli LC
  - Family: Physeteridae
    - Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU E
  - Family: Kogiidae
    - Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD
    - Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima (Hawaiian Islands only) DD
  - Family: Ziphiidae
    - Subfamily: Ziphiinae
      - Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris LC
    - Subfamily: Berardiinae
      - Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii DD (collective name for two species - Baird's beaked whale and Arnoux's beaked whale)
    - Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
      - Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus DD
      - Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus (Hawaiian Islands only) DD
      - Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens DD
      - Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi DD
      - Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
      - Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus DD
      - Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
      - Hector's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hectori (A) DD
      - True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus DD
      - Perrin's beaked whale, Mesoplodon perrini DD
      - Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus (A) DD
      - Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri DD
  - Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
    - Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis DD
    - Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC
    - Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
    - Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus DD
    - Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas DD
    - Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC
    - Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei LC
    - Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus LC
    - White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
    - Pacific white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens LC
    - Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis LC
    - Killer whale, Orcinus orca DD E
    - Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra LC
    - False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
    - Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC
    - Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene DD
    - Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
    - Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis DD
    - Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD
    - Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC
    - Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC

Introduced animals

Family: Myocastoridae
- Coypu, Myocastor coypus (I) LC
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Mexican gray squirrel, Sciurus aureogaster (I) LC
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
- Subfamily: Murinae
  - House mouse, Mus musculus (I) LC
  - Polynesian rat, Rattus exulans (I) (Hawaiian Islands only) LC
  - Brown rat, Rattus norvegicus (I) LC
  - Roof rat, Rattus rattus (I) LC
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Cape hare, Lepus capensis (I) LC
- European hare, Lepus europaeus (I) LC
- European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus (I) (Hawaiian Islands only) NT (I) NT
Family: Cebidae (capuchin and squirrel monkeys)
- Common squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus (I) LC
Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
- Vervet monkey, Chlorocebus pygerythrus (I) LC
- Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata (I) LC T
- Rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta (I) LC
Family: Herpestidae (mongoose)
- Small Asian mongoose Herpestes javanicus (I) (Hawaiian Islands only) LC
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Beech marten, Martes foina (I) LC
Family: Suidae (pigs)
- Wild boar, Sus scrofa (I) LC
Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Chital, Axis axis (I) LC
- Red deer, Cervus elaphus (I) (LC, including wapiti as C. e. canadensis)
- Sika, Cervus nippon (I) LC
- Fallow deer, Dama dama (I) LC
- Hog deer, Hyelaphus porcinus (I) EN
- Sambar, Rusa unicolor (I) VU
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Nilgai, Boselaphus tragocamelus (I) LC (I) LC
- Subfamily: Hippotraginae
  - Gemsbok, Oryx gazella (I) LC
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
  - Barbary sheep, Ammotragus lervia (I) VU
  - Blackbuck, Antilope cervicapra (I) NT
  - Bezoar ibex, Capra aegagrus aegagrus (I) LC
  - Mouflon, Ovis aries orientalis (I) VU
Family: Equidae (horses and allies)
- Feral donkey, Equus africanus asinus (I) (See also: Burro)
- Feral horse, Equus ferus caballus (I) (See also: Mustang)