Federal subjects of Russia facts for kids
The federal subjects of Russia are like the main parts or regions that make up the country of Russia. Since 2014, Russia has 85 of these federal subjects. They are also grouped into eight larger areas called Federal Districts.
These subjects come in different types: oblasts, republics, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and one autonomous oblast. Republics are special because they often have their own rules (like a mini-constitution) and a government that makes laws for them. They are usually places where a specific group of people (an ethnic minority) lives, and they can even have their own official language.
Contents
What are the Types of Russian Regions?
Each federal subject in Russia belongs to one of these types:
Type | What it means |
---|---|
46 oblasts | This is the most common type of region. It has a governor and its own local government. |
22 republics | These regions have more freedom. Each has its own constitution and government that makes laws. They are often home to a specific ethnic group and can have their own official language. |
9 krais | These are similar to oblasts, but the name "krai" is an older term. |
4 autonomous okrugs | These regions have a large number of people from a specific ethnic group. |
3 federal cities | These are major cities that are so important they are considered their own separate regions. |
1 autonomous oblast | There is only one autonomous oblast, which is the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. |
List of Russian Federal Subjects
Here is a list of the federal subjects of Russia, showing their type, capital city, and other details.
Code | Name | Capital/Administrative centre | Flag | Coat of arms |
Type | Federal district | Economic region | Area (km2) |
Population |
Year established |
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01 | Adygea, Republic of | Maykop | ![]() |
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republic | Southern | North Caucasus | 7,600 | 447,109 | 1922 |
02 | Bashkortostan, Republic of | Ufa | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Ural | 143,600 | 4,104,336 | 1919 |
03 | Buryatia, Republic of | Ulan-Ude | ![]() |
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republic | Far Eastern | East Siberian | 351,300 | 981,238 | 1923 |
04 | Altai Republic | Gorno-Altaysk | ![]() |
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republic | Siberian | West Siberian | 92,600 | 202,947 | 1922 |
05 | Dagestan, Republic of | Makhachkala | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 50,300 | 2,576,531 | 1921 |
06 | Ingushetia, Republic of | Magas (Largest city: Nazran) |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 4,000 | 467,294 | 1992 |
07 | Kabardino-Balkar Republic | Nalchik | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 12,500 | 901,494 | 1936 |
08 | Kalmykia, Republic of | Elista | ![]() |
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republic | Southern | Volga | 76,100 | 292,410 | 1957 |
09 | Karachay-Cherkess Republic | Cherkessk | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 14,100 | 439,470 | 1957 |
10 | Karelia, Republic of | Petrozavodsk | ![]() |
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republic | Northwestern | Northern | 172,400 | 716,281 | 1956 |
11 | Komi Republic | Syktyvkar | ![]() |
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republic | Northwestern | Northern | 415,900 | 1,018,674 | 1921 |
12 | Mari El Republic | Yoshkar-Ola | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 23,200 | 727,979 | 1920 |
13 | Mordovia, Republic of | Saransk | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 26,200 | 888,766 | 1930 |
14 | Sakha (Yakutia) Republic | Yakutsk | ![]() |
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republic | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 3,103,200 | 949,280 | 1922 |
15 | North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of | Vladikavkaz | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 8,000 | 710,275 | 1924 |
16 | Tatarstan, Republic of | Kazan | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga | 68,000 | 3,779,265 | 1920 |
17 | Tuva Republic | Kyzyl | ![]() |
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republic | Siberian | East Siberian | 170,500 | 305,510 | 1944 |
18 | Udmurt Republic | Izhevsk | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Ural | 42,100 | 1,570,316 | 1920 |
19 | Khakassia, Republic of | Abakan | ![]() |
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republic | Siberian | East Siberian | 61,900 | 546,072 | 1930 |
20 | Chechen Republic | Grozny | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 15,300 | 1,103,686 | 1991 |
21 | Chuvash Republic | Cheboksary | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 18,300 | 1,313,754 | 1920 |
22 | Altai Krai | Barnaul | ![]() |
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krai | Siberian | West Siberian | 169,100 | 2,607,426 | 1937 |
23 | Krasnodar Krai | Krasnodar | ![]() |
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krai | Southern | North Caucasus | 76,000 | 5,125,221 | 1937 |
24 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | Krasnoyarsk | ![]() |
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krai | Siberian | East Siberian | 2,339,700 | 2,966,042 | 1934 |
25 | Primorsky Krai | Vladivostok | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 165,900 | 2,071,210 | 1938 |
26 | Stavropol Krai | Stavropol | ![]() |
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krai | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 66,500 | 2,735,139 | 1934 |
27 | Khabarovsk Krai | Khabarovsk | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 788,600 | 1,436,570 | 1938 |
28 | Amur Oblast | Blagoveshchensk | ![]() |
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oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 363,700 | 902,844 | 1932 |
29 | Arkhangelsk Oblast | Arkhangelsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northern | 587,400 | 1,336,539 | 1937 |
30 | Astrakhan Oblast | Astrakhan | ![]() |
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oblast | Southern | Volga | 44,100 | 1,005,276 | 1943 |
31 | Belgorod Oblast | Belgorod | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 27,100 | 1,511,620 | 1954 |
32 | Bryansk Oblast | Bryansk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 34,900 | 1,378,941 | 1944 |
33 | Vladimir Oblast | Vladimir | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 29,000 | 1,523,990 | 1944 |
34 | Volgograd Oblast | Volgograd | ![]() |
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oblast | Southern | Volga | 113,900 | 2,699,223 | 1937 |
35 | Vologda Oblast | Vologda (Largest city: Cherepovets) |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northern | 145,700 | 1,269,568 | 1937 |
36 | Voronezh Oblast | Voronezh | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 52,400 | 2,378,803 | 1934 |
37 | Ivanovo Oblast | Ivanovo | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 21,800 | 1,148,329 | 1936 |
38 | Irkutsk Oblast | Irkutsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | East Siberian | 767,900 | 2,581,705 | 1937 |
39 | Kaliningrad Oblast | Kaliningrad | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Kaliningrad | 15,100 | 955,281 | 1946 |
40 | Kaluga Oblast | Kaluga | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 29,900 | 1,041,641 | 1944 |
41 | Kamchatka Krai | Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 472,300 | 358,801 | 2007 |
42 | Kemerovo Oblast | Kemerovo | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 95,500 | 2,899,142 | 1943 |
43 | Kirov Oblast | Kirov | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 120,800 | 1,503,529 | 1934 |
44 | Kostroma Oblast | Kostroma | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 60,100 | 736,641 | 1944 |
45 | Kurgan Oblast | Kurgan | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | Ural | 71,000 | 1,019,532 | 1943 |
46 | Kursk Oblast | Kursk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 29,800 | 1,235,091 | 1934 |
47 | Leningrad Oblast | Largest city: Gatchina | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northwestern | 84,500 | 1,669,205 | 1927 |
48 | Lipetsk Oblast | Lipetsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 24,100 | 1,213,499 | 1954 |
49 | Magadan Oblast | Magadan | ![]() |
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oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 461,400 | 182,726 | 1953 |
50 | Moscow Oblast | Largest city: Balashikha | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 44,300 | 6,618,538 | 1929 |
51 | Murmansk Oblast | Murmansk | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northern | 144,900 | 892,534 | 1938 |
52 | Nizhny Novgorod Oblast | Nizhny Novgorod | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 76,900 | 3,524,028 | 1936 |
53 | Novgorod Oblast | Veliky Novgorod | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northwestern | 55,300 | 694,355 | 1944 |
54 | Novosibirsk Oblast | Novosibirsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 178,200 | 2,692,251 | 1937 |
55 | Omsk Oblast | Omsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 139,700 | 2,079,220 | 1934 |
56 | Orenburg Oblast | Orenburg | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Ural | 124,000 | 2,179,551 | 1934 |
57 | Oryol Oblast | Oryol | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 24,700 | 860,262 | 1937 |
58 | Penza Oblast | Penza | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 43,200 | 1,452,941 | 1939 |
59 | Perm Krai | Perm | ![]() |
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krai | Volga | Ural | 160,600 | 2,819,421 | 2005 |
60 | Pskov Oblast | Pskov | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northwestern | 55,300 | 760,810 | 1944 |
61 | Rostov Oblast | Rostov-on-Don | ![]() |
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oblast | Southern | North Caucasus | 100,800 | 4,404,013 | 1937 |
62 | Ryazan Oblast | Ryazan | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 39,600 | 1,227,910 | 1937 |
63 | Samara Oblast | Samara | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 53,600 | 3,239,737 | 1928 |
64 | Saratov Oblast | Saratov | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 100,200 | 2,668,310 | 1936 |
65 | Sakhalin Oblast | Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 87,100 | 546,695 | 1947 |
66 | Sverdlovsk Oblast | Yekaterinburg | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | Ural | 194,800 | 4,486,214 | 1935 |
67 | Smolensk Oblast | Smolensk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 49,800 | 1,049,574 | 1937 |
68 | Tambov Oblast | Tambov | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 34,300 | 1,178,443 | 1937 |
69 | Tver Oblast | Tver | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 84,100 | 1,471,459 | 1935 |
70 | Tomsk Oblast | Tomsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 316,900 | 1,046,039 | 1944 |
71 | Tula Oblast | Tula | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 25,700 | 1,675,758 | 1937 |
72 | Tyumen Oblast | Tyumen | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | West Siberian | 143,520 | 3,264,841 | 1944 |
73 | Ulyanovsk Oblast | Ulyanovsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 37,300 | 1,382,811 | 1943 |
74 | Chelyabinsk Oblast | Chelyabinsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | Ural | 87,900 | 3,603,339 | 1934 |
75 | Zabaykalsky Krai | Chita | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | East Siberian | 431,500 | 1,155,346 | 2008 |
76 | Yaroslavl Oblast | Yaroslavl | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 36,400 | 1,367,398 | 1936 |
77 | Moscow | — | ![]() |
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federal city | Central | Central | 2,511 | 10,382,754 | |
78 | Saint Petersburg | — | ![]() |
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federal city | Northwestern | Northwestern | 1,439 | 4,662,547 | |
79 | Jewish Autonomous Oblast | Birobidzhan | ![]() |
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autonomous oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 36,000 | 190,915 | 1934 |
83 | Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Naryan-Mar | ![]() |
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autonomous okrug | Northwestern | Northern | 176,700 | 41,546 | 1929 |
86 | Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra | Khanty-Mansiysk (Largest city: Surgut) |
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autonomous okrug | Ural | West Siberian | 523,100 | 1,432,817 | 1930 |
87 | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | Anadyr | ![]() |
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autonomous okrug | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 737,700 | 53,824 | 1930 |
89 | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Salekhard (Largest city: Noyabrsk) |
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autonomous okrug | Ural | West Siberian | 750,300 | 507,006 | 1930 |
91 | Republic of Crimea | Simferopol | ![]() |
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republic | Southern | North Caucasus | 26,964 | 1,966,801 | 2014 |
92 | Sevastopol | — | ![]() |
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federal city | Southern | North Caucasus | 864 | 379,200 | 2014 |
- a. The largest city is also listed when it is different from the capital or main administrative center.
- b. For Leningrad Oblast, the government offices are in St. Petersburg. However, St. Petersburg is not officially called the administrative center of the oblast.
- c. For Moscow Oblast, the government offices are in Moscow and other places in the oblast. But Moscow is not officially called the administrative center of the oblast.
- d. The status of Crimea is not recognized by all countries as part of Russia.
Images for kids
See also
In Spanish: Anexo:Sujetos federales de Rusia para niños