Rajasthan facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Rajasthan
राजस्थान
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State of India
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A map showing us where the location of Rajasthan is in the Republic of India
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Map of Rajasthan
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| Country |  India |
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| Region | West India | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 342,269 km2 (132,151 sq mi) | |
| Population
(2011)
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| • Total | 68,621,012 | |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) | |
| Official languages | Rajasthani language English language | |
Rajasthan, also known as the "Land of Kings," is a large state in northern India. It covers a huge area of about 342,239 square kilometres (132,139 sq mi). This makes it the largest Indian state by area. It is also the seventh largest by population.
Rajasthan is located in the northwestern part of India. Most of the state is covered by the Thar Desert, also called the "Great Indian Desert." Rajasthan shares a border with Pakistan to the northwest and west. It also borders five other Indian states: Punjab to the north, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Madhya Pradesh to the southeast, and Gujarat to the southwest.
This state is home to many interesting places. You can find ancient ruins from the Indus Valley civilization at Kalibangan and Balathal. There are also the beautiful Dilwara Temples, which are important for people who follow Jainism. These temples are located at Mount Abu, Rajasthan's only hill station, in the old Aravalli Range mountains.
In eastern Rajasthan, you can visit the Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur. This park is a World Heritage Site famous for its many birds. Rajasthan also has three national tiger reserves: the Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur, Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar, and Mukundra Hill Tiger Reserve in Kota.
Rajasthan was formed on March 30, 1949. Before that, it was known as Rajputana under British rule. Its capital and largest city is Jaipur. Other important cities include Jodhpur, Kota, Bikaner, Ajmer, Alwar, and Udaipur. Rajasthan's economy is the ninth-largest state economy in India.
Contents
Provincial Symbols of Rajasthan
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Provincial bird of Rajasthan
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Provincial animal of Rajasthan
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Provincial tree of Rajasthan
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Provincial flower of Rajasthan
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Geography and Climate
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Mount Abu is one of the coolest places in Rajasthan.
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The Thar Desert near Jaisalmer.
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Aerial view Udaipur and Aravali hills.
The main geographic features of Rajasthan are the Thar Desert and the Aravalli Range. The Aravalli Range is a mountain chain that stretches for over 850 kilometres (530 mi) (528 miles) across the state. Mount Abu is at the southwestern end of this range.
About three-fifths of Rajasthan is located northwest of the Aravalli mountains. This part of the state is usually sandy and dry. Most of it is covered by the Thar Desert, which also extends into Pakistan. The Aravalli Range blocks the moisture-filled monsoon winds from the Arabian Sea. This creates a "rain shadow" effect, making the northwestern region very dry.
The Thar Desert is not very populated. Jodhpur is the largest city in the desert area and is known as its gateway. Other major desert districts include Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner, and Nagour. This area is also important for defense, with India's largest airbase in Jodhpur.
The areas around the Thar Desert have Northwestern thorn scrub forests. These regions get less than 400 mm (16 inches) of rain each year. Temperatures can get very hot, sometimes over 54 °C (129 °F) in summer. In winter, they can drop below freezing. The Luni River is the main river system in the western parts, but its water becomes salty as it flows downstream.
The Aravalli Range and the lands to its east and southeast are generally more fertile and get more water. This region has tropical dry broadleaf forests with trees like teak and Acacia. The hilly Vagad region in the south is the wettest and most forested part of Rajasthan. North of Vagad is the Mewar region, home to Udaipur and Chittaurgarh. The Hadoti region is in the southeast. The state capital, Jaipur, is in the Dhundhar region.
The Aravalli Range divides the state, with 60% of the land to the northwest and 40% to the southeast. The highest peak in the Aravalli Range is Guru Shikhar on Mount Abu, which is 1,722 metres (5,650 ft) (5,650 ft) high.
Plants and Animals
| Formation day | 1 November |
| State animal | Chinkara and Camel |
| State bird | Godavan (great Indian bustard) |
| State flower | Flower – Rohida |
| State Tree | Khejri |
Even though much of Rajasthan is desert with few forests, it has a wide variety of plants and animals. The natural plants are mostly "Northern Desert Thorn Forest" type. These grow in small groups, becoming denser where there is more rainfall.
The Desert National Park in Jaisalmer covers 3,162 square kilometres (1,221 sq mi). It's a great example of the ecosystem of the Thar Desert and its many animals. You can find seashells and huge fossilized tree trunks here, showing the desert's long history. This park is a safe place for both migratory and local desert birds. You can see many eagles, harriers, falcons, buzzards, kestrels, and vultures.
The Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur is one of India's famous tiger reserves. It became part of "Project Tiger" in 1973, a program to protect tigers.
Dhosi Hill in Jhunjunu district is known as 'Chayvan Rishi's Ashram'. It's famous for unique and rare herbs, and it's where the traditional Indian health paste 'Chyawanprash' was first made.
The Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar district covers about 800 square kilometres (310 sq mi). It was made a national park in 1979.
Tal Chhapar Sanctuary is a small sanctuary in Sujangarh, Churu District. It's home to a large number of blackbucks. You might also spot desert foxes and the caracal, also known as the desert lynx. Many birds live here too, like the partridge, harriers, Eastern imperial eagle, Pale Harrier, Marsh Harrier, Short-toed Eagle, Tawny Eagle, Sparrow Hawk, Crested Lark, Demoiselle Crane, Skylarks, Green Bee-eater, Brown Dove, Black Ibis, and sand grouse. The Great Indian bustard, which is the state bird, has been listed as critically endangered since 2011.
Economy
Rajasthan's economy mainly relies on farming and raising animals. Farmers grow wheat and barley in large areas. They also grow pulses, sugarcane, and oilseeds. Cotton and tobacco are important cash crops. Rajasthan is one of the biggest producers of edible oils in India. It is also the second largest producer of oilseeds.
Rajasthan is the biggest wool-producing state in India. Most of the water for farming comes from wells and tanks. The Indira Gandhi Canal helps water the northwestern part of Rajasthan.
The main industries in Rajasthan are based on minerals, agriculture, and textiles. Rajasthan is the second largest producer of polyester fiber in India. Many important chemical and engineering companies are in Kota.
Rajasthan is a leader in quarrying and mining in India. The famous Taj Mahal was built using white marble from a town called Makrana in Rajasthan. The state is the second largest source of cement in India. It has rich salt deposits at Sambhar. There are also copper mines at Khetri, Jhunjhunu, and zinc mines at Dariba, Zawar mines, and Rampura Agucha. Jodhpur is known for its Handicrafts and Guar Gum industry.
Rajasthan is also part of the Mumbai-Delhi Industrial Corridor, which is helping its economy grow.
Agricultural Production
Rajasthan is the largest producer of barley, mustard, pearl millet, coriander, fenugreek, and guar in India. It produces over 72% of the world's guar and 60% of India's barley. Rajasthan is also a major producer of aloe vera, amla, and oranges. It is a leading producer of maize and groundnut.
The Rajasthan government has also started growing olives with help from Israel. The state produces about 100–110 tonnes of olives each year. Rajasthan is India's second largest producer of milk, with many dairy co-operative societies.
Images for kids
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Ghateshwara Mahadeva temple at the Baroli Temple Complex. The temples were built between the 10th and 11th centuries CE by the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty.
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Akbar shoots the Rajput commander Jaimal using a matchlock, during the Siege of Chittor (1567–1568).
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Mount Abu.
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Reclining tiger, Ranthambore National Park
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Lake Palace and Jag Mandir from a distance, Lake Pichola, Udaipur.
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Modern Jodhpur skyline
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Timeline of the Bhadla Solar Park (India) development, the World's largest photovoltaic power plants cluster in 2020
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Rajasthani food
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NIIT University in Neemrana, Rajasthan
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Man in Rajasthan, India.
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Rana Kumbha was the vanguard of the fifteenth century Rajput resurgence.
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The emperor Hemu, who rose from obscurity and briefly established himself as ruler in northern India, from Punjab to Bengal, in defiance of the warring Sur and Mughal Empires.
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Maharana Pratap Singh, sixteenth-century Rajput ruler of Mewar, known for his defence of his realm against Mughal invasion.
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Suraj Mal was ruler of Bharatpur, some contemporary historians described him as "the Plato of the Jat people" and by a modern writer as the "Jat Odysseus", because of his political sagacity, steady intellect and clear vision.
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Jaipur International Airport
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Maharajah's Express dining saloon
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Camel rides in Thar desert
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Pushkar Lake and Ghat
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Folk dance popular in Rajasthan
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Demoiselle cranes in Khichan near Bikaner
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Hawa Mahal
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Amber Fort has seen from the bank of Maotha Lake, Jaigarh Fort on the hills in the background
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Nakki Lake, Mount Abu
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Mehrangarh Fort
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Dilwara Temples
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Lake Palace
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Kirti Stambha of Fort of Chittaur
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Tiger at Ranthambore National Park
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Jal Mahal, Jaipur
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See also
In Spanish: Rayastán para niños
