List of Navarrese monarchs facts for kids
This is a list of the kings and queens who ruled the Kingdom of Pamplona, which later became known as Navarre. The name Pamplona was used for a long time, but by the late 900s, people started calling it Navarre. This list will help you learn about the different families who ruled this important kingdom.
Contents
- Early Rulers: House of Íñiguez (824–905)
- Jiménez Family Takes Over (905–1234)
- House of Champagne (1234–1284)
- Capetian Dynasty (1284–1441)
- House of Trastámara (1425–1479)
- House of Foix (1479–1517)
- House of Albret (1484–1516)
- House of Trastámara (1512–1516)
- Division of the Kingdom
- Current Claimants to the Throne
- See also
- Sources
Early Rulers: House of Íñiguez (824–905)
The Íñiguez family is believed to have started the Kingdom of Pamplona around 824. They stood up against the Frankish (Carolingian) empire, which was trying to take control of their land. Other historical records sometimes called them rebellious subjects. This family was replaced in 905 by a new group, the Jiménez dynasty.
Name | Portrait | Born | Marriages | Died |
---|---|---|---|---|
Íñigo Arista 824?–851/52 |
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4 children | 851/52 | |
García Íñiguez 851/52–882 |
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son of Íñigo Arista | Urraca 5 children |
882 |
Fortún Garcés 882–905 |
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son of García Íñiguez | Auria 5 children |
922 (deposed 905) |
Jiménez Family Takes Over (905–1234)
In 905, a group of neighboring leaders forced King Fortún Garcés to leave his throne and become a monk. They put a new ruler from the Jiménez family in his place. During their time, the name Navarre slowly started to be used more often than Pamplona.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sancho I Garcés 905–925 |
son of García Jiménez and Dadildis de Pallars | Toda of Navarre 6 children |
11 December 925 Resa |
|
Jimeno Garcés 925–931 |
son of García Jiménez and Dadildis de Pallars | Sancha of Navarre 3 children |
29 May 931 | |
García Sánchez I 931–970 |
919 son of Sancho I Garcés and Toda of Navarre |
Andregota Galíndez of Aragón 2 children Teresa Ramírez of León 3 children |
22 February 970 aged 51 |
|
Sancho II Garcés Abarca 970–994 |
after 935 son of García Sánchez I and Andregota |
Urraca Fernández 4 children |
December 994 | |
García Sánchez II 994–1000/04 |
son of Sancho II Garcés Abarca and Urraca Fernández | Jimena Fernández of Cea 981 4 children |
1000/04 | |
Sancho III the Great 1004–1035 |
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985 son of García Sánchez II and Jimena Fernández of Cea |
Muniadona of Castile 1010 4 children |
18 October 1035 |
García Sánchez III 1035–1054 |
1016 son of Sancho III the Great and Muniadona of Castile |
Estefanía of Barcelona 1038 9 children |
15 September 1054 Atapuerca |
|
Sancho IV Garcés 1054–1076 |
1039 son of García Sánchez III and Estefanía of Barcelona |
Placencia 1068 3 children |
4 June 1076 Peñalén |
After King Sancho IV was killed, Navarre was divided between his cousins, Alfonso VI of León and Sancho Ramírez of Aragón. Sancho Ramírez became king, and Navarre was controlled by Aragón for over 50 years.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sancho V Ramírez 1076–1094 |
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1042 son of Ramiro I of Aragón and Ermesinde of Bigorre |
Isabel of Urgel 1065 1 child Felicia of Roucy 1076 3 children |
4 June 1094 Huesca aged approximately 52 |
Peter 1094–1104 |
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1068 son of Sancho Ramírez, King of Aragón and Navarre and Isabella of Urgel |
Agnes of Aquitaine 1086 2 children Bertha of Aragón 1097 No children |
28 September 1104 Aran Valley aged approximately 36 |
Alfonso I the Battler 1104–1134 |
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1073 son of Sancho Ramírez, King of Aragón and Navarre and Felicia of Roucy |
Urraca of León 1109 No children |
8 September 1134 Huesca aged approximately 61 |
When King Alfonso died, there was a problem with who would rule Aragón next. The nobles of Navarre used this chance to make their kingdom independent again. They crowned García Ramírez, a grandnephew of the earlier King Sancho IV.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
García Ramírez the Restorer 1134–1150 |
son of Ramiro Sánchez of Monzón and Cristina Rodríguez | Marguerite de l'Aigle 1130 4 children Urraca of León 24 June 1144 2 children |
21 November 1150 Lorca |
|
Sancho VI the Wise 1150–1194 |
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1133 son of García Ramírez and Marguerite de l'Aigle |
Sancha of Castile 1157 6 children |
27 June 1194 Pamplona |
Sancho VII the Strong 1194–1234 |
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1157 Tudela son of Sancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile |
Constance of Toulouse< 1195 No children Clemence (of Hohenstaufen?) aft. 1201 1 son |
7 April 1234 Tudela |
House of Champagne (1234–1284)
When Sancho VII died, he was the last king from the Jiménez family. The crown of Navarre then went to his nephew, the son of his sister Blanche. Blanche had been in charge of Navarre for much of her brother's rule.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Theobald I the Posthumous 1234–1253 |
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30 May 1201 Troyes son of Theobald III of Champagne and Blanche of Navarre |
Gertrude of Dagsburg 1220 No children Agnes of Beaujeu 1222 1 child Margaret of Bourbon 1232 6 children |
8 July 1253 Pamplona aged 52 |
Theobald II the Young 1253–1270 |
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1238 son of Theobald I of Navarre and Margaret of Bourbon |
Isabelle of France 6 April 1255 No children |
4 December 1270 Trapani aged 32 |
Henry I the Fat 1270–1274 |
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1244 son of Theobald I of Navarre and Margaret of Bourbon |
Blanche of Artois 1269 2 children |
22 July 1274 aged 30 |
Joan I 1274–1305 |
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14 January 1271 Bar-sur-Seine daughter of Henry I of Navarre and Blanche of Artois |
Philip IV of France 16 August 1284 7 children |
4 April 1305 Château de Vincennes aged 34 |
Capetian Dynasty (1284–1441)
When King Henry died unexpectedly, his baby daughter Joan was the only one left to inherit the throne. Joan's mother, Blanche of Artois, ruled Navarre for the next ten years. In 1284, Joan married Philip IV of France, who would become King of France a year later. He was then known as "King of France and Navarre."
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death | Claim |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Philip I the Fair Philip IV of France 1284–1305 |
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1268 Fontainebleau son of Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon |
Joan I of Navarre 16 August 1284 7 children |
29 November 1314 Fontainebleau aged 46 |
By the right of his wife, Joan I |
Louis I the Quarreller Louis X of France 1305–1316 |
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4 October 1289 Paris son of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre |
Margaret of Burgundy 21 September 1305 1 child Clementia of Hungary 19 August 1315 1 child |
5 June 1316 Vincennes aged 26 |
By the right of his mother, Joan I |
John I the Posthumous of France 1316 |
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15 November 1316 Paris son of Louis X of France and Clementia of Hungary |
never married | 20 November 1316 Paris 5 days |
By the right of his father, Louis X |
Philip II the Tall Philip V of France 1316–1322 |
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1292 Lyon son of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre |
Joan II, Countess of Burgundy 1307 7 children |
3 January 1322 Longchamp aged 29 |
By the right of his mother, Joan I |
Charles I the Fair Charles IV of France 1322–1328 |
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19 June 1294 Clermont son of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre |
Blanche of Burgundy 1307 2 children Marie of Luxembourg 1322 2 children Jeanne d'Évreux 1325 3 children |
1 February 1328 Vincennes aged 34 |
By the right of his mother, Joan I |
Joan II 1328–1349 |
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28 January 1312 Charenton-le-Pont daughter of Louis X of France and Margaret of Burgundy |
Philip III of Navarre 8 children |
6 October 1349 Charenton-le-Pont aged 37 |
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House of Évreux (1328–1441)
After the French kings Louis X and his infant son John died, Louis's brothers Philip and Charles ruled France and Navarre. When they died, the French crown went to a distant cousin. However, the crown of Navarre was given to Louis's daughter, Joan II. Joan ruled with her husband, Philip III, until his death. Then she ruled alone.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Philip III the Wise (jure uxoris) 1328–1343 |
27 March 1306 son of Louis count of Evreux and Margaret of Artois |
Joan II of Navarre 8 children |
16 September 1343 Jerez de la Frontera aged 37 |
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Charles II the Bad 1349–1387 |
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10 October 1332 Évreux son of Philip III of Navarre and Joan II of Navarre |
Joan of France 7 children |
1 January 1387 Pamplona aged 54 |
Charles III the Noble 1387–1425 |
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22 July 1361 Nantes son of Charles II of Navarre and Joan of France |
Eleanor of Castile 1375 8 children |
8 September 1425 Olite aged 64 |
Blanche Ι 1425–1441 |
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1387 Castile daughter of Charles III of Navarre and Eleanor of Castile |
Martin I of Sicily 26 December 1402 1 child John II of Aragon 10 June 1420 4 children |
3 April 1441 Santa María la Real de Nieva aged 56 |
House of Trastámara (1425–1479)
Queen Blanche I ruled Navarre with her husband, John II. Later, in 1458, John also inherited the crown of Aragón from his older brother. After John's death, the Navarrese crown went to Eleanor, his only living child with Blanche. However, his Aragonese crown went to Ferdinand II of Aragon, who was John's son with his second wife.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
John II the Great 1425–1441 (jure uxoris) 1425–1479 (de facto) |
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29 June 1397 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque |
Blanche 6 November 1419 4 children Juana Enríquez 2 children |
20 January 1479 Barcelona aged 81 |
Eleanor 1479 |
2 February 1425 Olite daughter of John II of Aragon and Blanche |
Gaston IV, Count of Foix 11 children |
12 February 1479 Tudela aged 54 |
Claimants to the Throne
After Blanche's death in 1441, John kept the crown of Navarre for himself for 38 years. He did not give it to his son, Charles IV, or his older daughter, Blanche II. This led to the Navarrese Civil War. Even though some people thought Charles and Blanche were the rightful rulers, John II was the king in power. Eleanor did not claim to be queen until her father died.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Charles IV 1441–1461 (de jure, titular) |
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29 May 1421 Peñafiel son of John II of Aragon and Blanche I of Navarre |
Agnes of Cleves No children |
23 September 1461 Barcelona aged 40 |
Blanche II 1461–1464 (de jure, titular) |
1424 Olite daughter of John II of Aragon and Blanche I of Navarre |
Henry IV of Castile No children |
2 December 1464 Orthez aged 40 |
House of Foix (1479–1517)
Eleanor had sided with her father against her brother and sister. She died just three weeks after her father. By then, her husband, Gaston IV, Count of Foix, had passed away, and their oldest son had also died. So, her grandson Francis became the next ruler.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Francis Phoebus 1479–1483 |
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4 December 1467 son of Gaston of Foix, Prince of Viana, and Magdalena of Valois |
never married | 7 January 1483 Pau aged 15 |
Catherine 1483–1517 |
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1468 daughter of Gaston of Foix, Prince of Viana, and Magdalena of Valois |
John III of Navarre 13 children |
12 February 1517 Mont-de-Marsan aged 49 |
House of Albret (1484–1516)
Catherine ruled Navarre with her husband, John III. After he died, she ruled alone for eight months until her own death. During their rule, Navarre was defeated by Ferdinand II of Aragon in 1512. This meant Navarre lost all its land south of the Pyrenees mountains, including its capital city, Pamplona. Ferdinand, who was Catherine's grandmother Eleanor's half-brother, was then crowned King of Navarre. This title then passed down through the Aragonese and Spanish monarchs. Catherine and John III were left with Lower Navarre, a small part of the kingdom north of the Pyrenees. This part was joined with other lands they controlled in France.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
John III (jure uxoris) 1484–1516 |
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1469 son of Alain I of Albret and Francoise of Châtillon-Limoges |
Catherine of Navarre 13 children |
14 June 1516 Pau aged 47 |
House of Trastámara (1512–1516)
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ferdinand I 1512–1516 |
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1452 son of John II of Navarre and Juana Enríquez |
Isabella I of Castile 5 children |
23 January 1516 Madrigalejo aged 63 |
Division of the Kingdom
In 1530, Charles V decided to give up his claim to Lower Navarre. He couldn't control it, and Henry II was already ruling it effectively. However, Charles V and his mother Joanna III continued to be kings in Upper Navarre.
Catherine and John III kept the small part of the kingdom north of the Pyrenees. This area was then joined with other lands they controlled in France.
House of Albret (1517–1572)
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Henry II 1517–1555 |
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18 April 1503 Sangüesa son of John III of Navarre and Catherine of Navarre |
Margaret of Angoulême 1526 2 children |
25 May 1555 Hagetmau aged 52 |
Jeanne III 1555–1572 |
16 November 1528 Saint-Germain-en-Laye daughter of Henry II of Navarre and Margaret of Angoulême |
Antoine of Navarre 20 October 1548 5 children |
9 June 1572 Paris aged 43 |
House of Bourbon (1572–1620)
Jeanne III ruled with her husband Antoine until he died. Then she ruled alone. Their son Henry became King of France in 1589. He took control of France in 1593 after the French Wars of Religion ended. After this, the crown of Navarre passed to the kings of France. In 1620, the Kingdom of Navarre became part of France. However, French kings still used the title "King of Navarre" until 1791. The title was used again from 1814 to 1830 during the Bourbon Restoration.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Antoine (jure uxoris) 1555–1562 |
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22 April 1518 La Fère, Picardy son of Charles, Duke of Vendôme, and Françoise of Alençon |
Joan III of Navarre< 20 October 1548 5 children |
17 November 1562 Les Andelys, Eure aged 44 |
Henry III the Great Henry IV of France 1572–1610 |
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13 December 1553 Pau son of Antoine of Navarre and Joan III of Navarre |
(1) Margaret of France 18 August 1572 no issues (2) Marie de' Medici 17 December 1600 6 children |
14 May 1610 Paris aged 56 |
Louis II the Just Louis XIII of France 1610–1620 |
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27 September 1601 Château de Fontainebleau son of Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici |
Anne of Spain 24 November 1615 6 children |
14 May 1643 Paris aged 41 |
Even after Navarre was merged into France, the French kings continued to use the title "King of Navarre." This means they held the title in name, even if Navarre was no longer a separate kingdom.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Louis II the Just Louis XIII of France 1620–1643 |
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27 September 1601 Château de Fontainebleau son of Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici |
Anne of Spain 24 November 1615 6 children |
14 May 1643 Paris aged 41 |
Louis III the Sun King (Louis XIV of France) 1643–1715 |
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5 September 1638 Chateau de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Kingdom of France son of Louis XIII of France, and Anne of Spain |
(1) Maria Theresa of Spain 9 June 1660 3 children (2) Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon (private) |
9 September 1715 Palace of Versailles, France< aged 76 |
Louis IV the Beloved Louis XV of France 1715–1774 |
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15 February 1710 Palace of Versailles son of Louis, Duke of Burgundy and Marie Adelaide of Savoy |
Maria Leszczynska of Poland-Lithuania 15 August 1725 10 children |
10 May 1774 Palace of Versailles aged 64 |
Louis V Louis XVI of France 1774–1793 |
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23 August 1754 Palace of Versailles son of Louis, Dauphin of France and Maria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France |
Maria Antonia of Austria 19 April 1770 4 children |
21 January 1793 Paris, French First Republic aged 38 |
Restoration of the Monarchy After a period of change in France, the monarchy was restored. The kings continued to use the title of Navarre.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Louis VII the Desired Louis XVIII of France (1) 1814–1815 (2) 1815–1824 |
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9 October 1757 Palace of Versailles, Kingdom of France son of Louis, Dauphin of France and Maria Josepha of Saxony |
Marie Josephine of Savoy 14 May 1771 No children |
16 September 1824 Paris, Kingdom of France aged 68 |
Charles V Charles X of France 1824–1830 July Revolution |
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17 November 1755 Palace of Versailles, Kingdom of France son of Louis, Dauphin of France and Maria Josepha of Saxony |
Maria Theresa of Savoy 16 November 1773 4 children |
6 November 1836 Gorizia, Austrian Empire aged 79 |
House of Trastámara (1516–1555)
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Joanna III 1516–1555 |
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6 November 1479 daughter of Ferdinand I of Navarre and Isabella of Castile |
Philip, Duke of Burgundy 6 children |
12 April 1555 Tordesillas aged 75 |
House of Austria (Spanish Habsburgs) (1516–1700)
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Charles IV 1516–1556 |
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24 February 1500 son of Philip, Duke of Burgundy and Joanna I of Castile |
Isabella of Portugal 3 children |
21 September 1558 Yuste aged 58 |
Philip IV 1556–1598 |
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21 May 1527 son of Charles IV of Navarre and Isabella of Portugal |
Maria Manuela of Portugal 1 child Mary I of England No children Elisabeth of Valois 2 children Anna of Austria 3 children |
13 September 1598 Escorial aged 71 |
Philip V 1598–1621 |
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14 April 1578 son of Philip IV of Navarra and Anna of Austria |
Margaret of Austria< 5 children |
31 March 1621 Madrid aged 42 |
Philip VI 1621–1665 |
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8 April 1605 son of Philip V of Navarra and Margaret of Austria |
Elisabeth of Bourbon 2 children Mariana of Austria 2 children |
17 September 1665 Madrid aged 60 |
Charles V 1665–1700 |
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6 November 1661 son of Philip VI of Navarra and Mariana of Austria |
Marie Louise of Orléans No children Maria Anna of Neuburg No children |
1 November 1700 Madrid aged 38 |
House of Bourbon (1700–1833)
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Philip VII 1700–1724 |
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19 December 1683 son of Louis Dauphin of France and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria |
Maria Luisa of Savoy 2 children Elisabeth Farnese 6 children |
9 July 1746 Madrid aged 62 |
Louis II 1724 |
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25 August 1707 son of Philip VII of Navarre and Maria Luisa of Savoy |
Louise Elisabeth of Orléans No children |
31 August 1724 Madrid aged 17 |
Philip VII 1724–1746 |
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19 December 1683 son of Louis Dauphin of France and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria |
Maria Luisa of Savoy 2 children Elisabeth Farnese 6 children |
9 July 1746 Madrid aged 62 |
Ferdinand II 1746–1759 |
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23 September 1713 son of Philip VII of Navarre and Maria Luisa of Savoy |
Barbara of Portugal No children |
10 August 1759 Madrid aged 45 |
Charles VI 1759–1788 |
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20 January 1716 son of Philip VII of Navarre and Elisabeth Farnese |
Maria Amalia of Saxony 13 children |
14 December 1788 Madrid aged 72 |
Charles VII 1788–1808 |
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11 November 1748 son of Charles VI of Navarre and Maria Amalia of Saxony |
Maria Luisa of Parma 14 children |
20 January 1819 Madrid aged 70 |
Ferdinand III 1808–1833 |
14 October 1784 son of Charles VII of Navarre and Maria Luisa of Parma |
Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily No children Maria Isabel of Portugal 2 children Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony No children Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies 2 children |
29 September 1833 Madrid aged 48 |
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Isabella I 1833 1833 territorial division of Spain |
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10 October 1830 daughter of Ferdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of Naples and Sicily |
Francis of Spain 5 children |
9 April 1904 Paris, French Third Republic aged 73 |
Regents are people who rule a kingdom when the king or queen is too young or unable to rule themselves. Here are some of the regents who helped govern Navarre.
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Juan Martínez de Medrano for Joan II of Navarre on 13 March 1328 after the death of the last Capetian King of France |
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13th Century son of Don Juan Martinez de Medrano |
Aldonza Sánchez, 7 children |
May 1337–1338 Kingdom of Navarre |
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Garcia de Medrano y Alvarez de los Rios for King Philip IV of Spain on 17 January 1645 Elected Regent of Navarre |
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Navarre, 1604 son of García de Medrano, Lord of San Gregorio, and María Álvarez de los Ríos y Mendoza |
Married to María Ignacia de Mendizábal y Uribe 1 child |
3 September 1683 Kingdom of Spain |
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pedro Antonio de Medrano y Albelda for King Philip V of Spain On 9 May 1702 Elected Regent of Navarre |
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14 Dec 1642 Calahorra, La Rioja, Spain son of Don Pedro de Medrano Echauz and Josepha de Albelda Barron y Tejada |
Married to Teresa Josefa Alvarez de Arellano Echauz y Velasco 1 child |
December 1721 Kingdom of Spain Age 71 |
Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maria Christina of Naples and Sicily for her daughter, Isabella 1833 1833 territorial division of Spain |
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27 April 1806 daughter of Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Isabella of Spain |
Ferdinand VII of Spain 2 children |
22 August 1878 Le Havre, French Third Republic aged 72 |
Current Claimants to the Throne
Even today, several people claim to be the rightful heir to the Kingdom of Navarre. These claims are based on different historical laws and family lines.
- Prince Pedro, Duke of Calabria believes he is the main heir to Navarre. This is based on Navarre's old laws that allowed women to inherit the throne, unlike the French Salic law.
- Prince Louis, Duke of Anjou, claims the thrones of France and Lower Navarre. His claim to Navarre is because it was joined with the French throne under Louis XIII. He follows French succession law, which usually doesn't allow female succession.
- Jean, Count of Paris, is another claimant to the thrones of France and Lower Navarre. His claim is also based on Navarre joining with France under Louis XIII, following French succession law.
- Felipe VI of Spain uses the title King of Navarre (Upper Navarre) as part of his many titles. He inherited this from earlier Spanish monarchs, based on the conquest of most of the old kingdom by Ferdinand II of Aragon.
- Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma (a claimant to the Spanish throne) also claims the title King of Navarre (Upper Navarre). He bases his claim on the conquest of the old kingdom by Ferdinand II of Aragon.
Today, the King of Spain is considered the ruler of Upper Navarre. The French president is the ruler of Lower Navarre.
See also
- List of Navarrese royal consorts
- Kings of Navarre family tree
- King of Viguera
- List of Spanish monarchs
- Alterations of Aragon