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York
City
York Montage 2022.jpg
Clockwise from the top left: Micklegate Bar; York Minster from the city walls; Lendal Bridge; an aerial view of the city; and the castle
York is located in North Yorkshire
York
York
Area 33.7 km2 (13.0 sq mi)
Population 141,685 (2021 census)
• Density 4,204/km2 (10,890/sq mi)
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town YORK
Postcode district YO1, YO10, YO19, YO23-24, YO26, YO30-32, YO41
Dialling code 01904
Police North Yorkshire
Fire North Yorkshire
Ambulance Yorkshire
EU Parliament Yorkshire and the Humber
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire
53°58′N 1°05′W / 53.96°N 1.08°W / 53.96; -1.08

York is a historic city in North Yorkshire, England. It sits where the River Ouse and River Foss meet. The city is famous for its many old buildings. These include a huge minster (a large church), a castle, and ancient city walls. York is the biggest town and main center of the wider City of York area. It is about 27 miles (43 km) northeast of Leeds. York's population was 141,685 in 2021.

The city began as Eboracum in 71 AD. It was once the capital of a Roman province. Later, it was the capital of kingdoms like Northumbria and Scandinavian York. In the Middle Ages, York became a key center for the church in northern England. It also grew as a place for trading wool. In the 1800s, York became a major railway hub. It also became known for making sweets. During the Second World War, parts of the city were bombed. Many historic buildings were damaged, and it took until the 1960s to fix them.

York has a unique history of local government. It was once a special area not part of the county's system. Since 1996, it has been governed by the City of York Council. This council also looks after nearby villages and rural areas.

What's in a Name? York's History in Words

The city's name comes from an old British word, Eburākon. This means "place of yew trees." The word eburos means "yew tree." Some think it could also mean "the property of Eburos," a Celtic person's name.

The Romans called it Eboracum or Eburacum. Later, in the 600s, the Angles changed it to Eoforwic. This name combined the old Ebor- with -wic, meaning "village." It might have been mixed up with a Germanic word for 'boar'.

When the Vikings took over in 866, they called it Jórvík. After the Normans arrived, the name slowly changed to York. The name "York" was first written down in the 1200s. Today, you can still see the Roman name in places like the Ebor race meeting. The Archbishop of York even signs his name as Ebor.

York's Journey Through Time

How York Began: Early History

Roman Fortifications in Museum Gardens York
Roman wall and the west corner tower of Eboracum. The top half is medieval.

People lived in the York area between 8000 and 7000 BC. But we don't know if they stayed there all the time. When the Romans arrived, the Brigantes tribe lived here.

The city of York was founded in 71 AD. The Roman Ninth Legion built a wooden fort near the River Ouse. Later, the VI legion rebuilt the fort walls in stone. This fort was huge, covering 50 acres (20 ha). It housed 6,000 Roman soldiers. You can still see parts of the Roman fort under York Minster today.

Constantine York
Roman Emperor Constantine the Great proclaimed Emperor at York in 306 AD.

Important Roman Emperors like Hadrian and Septimius Severus visited York. Emperor Constantius I died in York in 306 AD. His son, Constantine the Great, was then made Emperor by the soldiers. In 314 AD, a bishop from York went to a big Christian meeting.

After 400 AD, York became less important. The population dropped due to floods. In the 5th century, the Angles took over.

York in the Middle Ages: Kings, Vikings, and Trade

In the 600s, King Edwin of Northumbria helped York grow again. He built the first wooden church in York in 627. This church was later rebuilt in stone. A famous scholar, Alcuin of York, taught at York's cathedral school. He later advised Charlemagne.

In 866, the Vikings attacked and captured York. They chose a holy day, All Saints' Day, to attack. Most of York's leaders were in the cathedral, so the city was not ready.

The Vikings renamed the city Jorvik. It became the capital of Viking lands in Britain. At its busiest, Jorvik had over 10,000 people. This made it the second-largest city in Great Britain after London. Jorvik was a key trading center for the Vikings. They made coins there. Archaeologists found workshops for making textiles, metalwork, and jewelry. Goods from far away, like the Persian Gulf, show Jorvik was part of a big international trade network. The last Viking ruler, Eric Bloodaxe, was forced out in 954 AD. This helped unite England.

RidsdalePanorma
A panorama of 15th-century York by E. Ridsdale Tate; York Castle is on the right hand side of the river, opposite the abandoned motte of Baile Hill.

After the Normans took over in 1066, the people of York rebelled. William the Conqueror put down the rebellion. He built two wooden castles. When another rebellion happened, he destroyed everything from York to Durham. The stone remains of these castles can still be seen today.

The first stone church was damaged by fire. So, the Normans built a new minster. Around 1080, Archbishop Thomas began building what is now York Minster.

Clifford's Tower, from south
Clifford's Tower, part of York Castle

York began to do well in the 1100s. Sadly, in 1190, there was a terrible massacre of Jewish people at Clifford's Tower.

York became a major trading hub. This was thanks to its location on the River Ouse and the Great North Road. In 1212, King John gave York its first charter. This allowed the city to trade across England and Europe. York merchants imported wine from France and furs from the Baltic. They exported grain and wool.

York also became a big center for making and trading cloth. Edward I boosted the city's economy by using it as a base for his war in Scotland. York gained more independence from the government in 1396.

York from the 1500s to the 1700s

Wall of the ruins, st marys abbey York 8714
St Mary's Abbey was founded in 1155 and destroyed during the Dissolution, c. 1539.

York's economy slowed down during the Tudor era. Under King Henry VIII, many monasteries in York were closed. This included St Mary's Abbey. This led to the Pilgrimage of Grace, an uprising by northern Catholics. Henry VIII then set up the Council of the North in York. The city became a center for trade and services. In 1541, King Henry VIII and Catherine Howard visited York. They stayed in St. Mary's Abbey, which had been turned into a palace.

Anne of Denmark visited York in 1603. Guy Fawkes, famous for the Gunpowder Plot, was born and went to school in York. He planned to blow up the Houses of Parliament.

A map of York england
A map of York, 1611

In 1644, during the Civil War, Parliament's army surrounded York. Many old houses outside the city walls were destroyed. The city surrendered to Sir Thomas Fairfax on 15 July.

After the monarchy was restored in 1660, York changed. It became a social and cultural center for rich people in the north. Many grand houses and buildings like the Lord Mayor's Mansion House and Assembly Rooms were built then.

York in Modern Times

National Railway Museum - Virgin 91101 (rear)
The Great Hall at the National Railway Museum

The railway came to York in 1839. This helped York become a major railway center by the late 1800s. The railways also brought engineering jobs to the city. By the early 1900s, the North Eastern Railway employed over 5,500 people.

The railway also helped Rowntree's Cocoa Works grow. It was started in 1862 by Henry Isaac Rowntree. His brother, Joseph, joined him later. Another chocolate maker, Terry's of York, was also a big employer. By 1900, railways and chocolate were York's two main industries.

Lower Petergate in York, England
Low Petergate with the minster in the background

York was also important for early photography. Many photographers had studios in the city in the 1800s.

In 1942, German planes bombed York during the Second World War. 92 people died, and many were hurt. Buildings like the Railway Station and Guildhall were damaged.

Bench King's Square York
Bench with Kit Kat advertising in York (where the bar was created by the confectionery company Rowntree's) to mark National Chocolate Week in 2018

Tourism became very important for York. In 1968, the historic center was made a special conservation area. New attractions opened, like the National Railway Museum in 1975. The Jorvik Viking Centre opened in 1984, and the York Dungeon in 1986. The University of York opened in 1963, adding to the city's success. In 2012, York's Chocolate Story opened.

In 2007, York was named European Tourism City of the Year. In 2018, The Sunday Times called York the 'Best Place to Live' in Britain. They praised its "perfect mix of heritage and hi-tech."

How York is Governed

Local Government in York

York Guildhall
York Guildhall is the seat of local government.

The City of York Council governs York. It handles all local services, like libraries and waste collection. The council has 47 councillors from 21 areas called wards. They serve for four years. The main offices are at the Guildhall.

The council is led by the Council Leader. This person leads the biggest political group. The current Council Leader is Cllr Keith Aspden from the Liberal Democrats.

St Helen's Square, York
The Mansion House is home to the Lord Mayor of York.

York's first citizen is the Lord Mayor. This person chairs council meetings and does ceremonial duties. The Lord Mayor is chosen each year in May. The Sheriff is also appointed at this time. These roles are mostly for show.

York also has a Youth Council. Young people work with councillors to improve things for kids in York.

In the 2023 election, the Labour Party won the most seats. They now run the council.

Party Seats City of York Council (2023 election)
Conservative 3
Independent 1
Labour 24
Liberal Democrat 19

York's Parliament Representatives

Rachael Maskell (L), Member of Parliament (MP)
for York Central since 2015
Luke Charters (L), MP
for York Outer since 2024

Since 2010, York has two Members of Parliament (MPs). One represents York Central, the inner city area. The other represents York Outer, which surrounds the central area.

Ceremonial Role of York

York is part of the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. The city still has the right to appoint its own Sheriff. The Duke of York has no official duties related to the city.

Exploring York's Geography

Where is York Located?

Place Distance Direction Relation
London 280 km South-east Capital
Leeds 35 km South-west Next nearest city

York is in the Vale of York, a flat area with good farmland. It's surrounded by hills like the Pennines and North York Moors. The city was built where the Rivers Ouse and Foss meet. This spot was easy to defend in Roman times.

Tour boats on the River Ouse
Tour boats on the Ouse

York can flood from the River Ouse. It has many flood defenses, including walls and a barrier. In 2000 and 2015, York had very bad floods. Much of the land around the city is prone to flooding.

York's Climate and Weather

York has a mild climate with four clear seasons. It's usually drier and warmer than other parts of Yorkshire. Winters can be cold with frost, fog, and winds. Snow can fall but usually melts quickly. Summers are often warmer than the coast, sometimes reaching 27 °C or more. The highest temperature recorded was 34.5 °C. The lowest was -16.3 °C.

Climate data for RAF Linton-on-Ouse, 15 km north-west of York
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 16
(61)
18
(64)
22
(72)
28
(82)
30
(86)
32
(90)
40.2
(104.4)
34
(93)
32
(90)
29
(84)
20
(68)
17
(63)
40.2
(104.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6)
7.5
(45.5)
10.0
(50.0)
13.0
(55.4)
16.6
(61.9)
19.5
(67.1)
22.0
(71.6)
22.0
(71.6)
18.4
(65.1)
13.9
(57.0)
9.7
(49.5)
7.0
(44.6)
14.0
(57.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2.0
(35.6)
1.0
(33.8)
2.4
(36.3)
4.0
(39.2)
6.7
(44.1)
9.7
(49.5)
11.8
(53.2)
11.6
(52.9)
9.5
(49.1)
7.0
(44.6)
4.0
(39.2)
2.0
(35.6)
6.0
(42.8)
Record low °C (°F) −16
(3)
−10
(14)
−13
(9)
−3
(27)
1
(34)
2
(36)
5
(41)
5
(41)
−1
(30)
−4
(25)
−8
(18)
−16
(3)
−16
(3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 52.7
(2.07)
39.9
(1.57)
44.9
(1.77)
50.1
(1.97)
43.8
(1.72)
58.0
(2.28)
53.2
(2.09)
62.4
(2.46)
46.9
(1.85)
57.7
(2.27)
57.8
(2.28)
55.8
(2.20)
626.0
(24.65)
Average precipitation days 11.1 9.1 9.5 9.3 9.1 9.3 8.9 10.0 8.6 10.4 11.3 10.7 117.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 40 60 100 141 190 220 230 205 156 105 65 47 1,550
Source 1: Met Office
Source 2: BBC Weather

York's Green Spaces

York has a "green belt" around its urban areas. This protects the countryside and keeps the city's historic feel. It stops too much building in rural areas.

Who Lives in York? Demographics

York population pyramid
Population pyramid of York (local authority) in 2021
Terraced housing in Southbank
Apartment blocks in Holgate

In 2011, York's urban area had 153,717 people. The wider City of York area had 198,051 people. Most residents (94.3%) were White. About 3.4% were Asian, and 0.6% were Black. In 2019, the city's population was estimated at 210,620.

How York's Population Has Changed

Population growth in York since 1801
Year 1801 1811 1821 1831 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Population 24,080 27,486 30,913 36,340 40,337 49,899 58,632 67,364 76,097 81,802 90,665 100,487 106,278 112,402 123,227 135,093 144,585 154,749 158,170 172,847 181,131 198,051
Source: Vision of Britain

Different Backgrounds in York

York is home to people from many different backgrounds.

Ethnic Group Year
1991 2001 2011 2021
Number  % Number  % Number  % Number  %
White: Total 165,118 99% 177,191 97.8% 186,731 94.2% 188,167 92.8%
White: British 172,237 95.1% 178,613 90.1% 176,963 87.3%
White: Irish 1,217 1,103 1,317 0.6%
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller 269 368 0.2%
White: Roma 222 0.1%
White: Other 3,737 6,746 9,297 4.6%
Asian or Asian British: Total 952 0.6% 2,027 1.1% 6,740 3.4% 7,634 3.8%
Asian or Asian British: Indian 237 542 1,531 1,853 0.9%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani 68 201 417 545 0.3%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi 133 364 370 413 0.2%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese 318 642 2,449 2,889 1.4%
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 196 278 1,973 1,934 1.0%
Black or Black British: Total 304 0.2% 341 0.2% 1,194 0.6% 1,325 0.7%
Black or Black British: African 113 164 903 978 0.5%
Black or Black British: Caribbean 104 143 205 208 0.1%
Black or Black British: Other Black 87 34 86 139 0.1%
Mixed or British Mixed: Total 1,144 0.6% 2,410 1.2% 3,741 1.8%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 248 529 631 0.3%
Mixed: White and Black African 114 305 494 0.2%
Mixed: White and Asian 456 873 1,579 0.8%
Mixed: Other Mixed 326 703 1,037 0.5%
Other: Total 439 0.2% 973 1,954 1%
Other: Arab 498 623 0.3%
Other: Any other ethnic group 439 0.2% !! 391 475 1,331 0.7%
Total 166,813 100% 181,094 100% 198,051 100% 202,821 100%

Religious Beliefs in York

Most people in York are Christian. In 2011, 59.5% of residents said they were Christian. The number of people with "No Religion" is higher than the national average.

Nave of York Minster
Stained glass at York Minster
St William's College facade

York has many churches, mostly from the medieval period. York Minster is the main church for the Church of England in northern England.

York also has eight Roman Catholic churches. Leaders from different Christian groups work together in York. There are also meeting places for Quakers, Methodists, and Unitarians. York has a Mosque and a UK Islamic Mission center. Buddhist groups and an active Jewish community are also present.

Religion 2001 2011 2021
Number  % Number  % Number  %
No religion 30,003 16.6 59,646 30.1 93,577 46.1
Holds religious beliefs 137,377 75.9 123,009 62.1 95,314 47.0
Gold Christian Cross no Red.svg Christian 134,771 74.4 117,856 59.5 89,019 43.9
Dharma Wheel.svg Buddhist 388 0.2 1,016 0.5 1,045 0.5
Om.svg Hindu 347 0.2 983 0.5 1,043 0.5
Star of David.svg Jewish 191 0.1 202 0.1 273 0.1
Star and Crescent.svg Muslim 1,047 0.6 2,072 1.0 2,488 1.2
Khanda.svg Sikh 95 0.1 133 0.1 179 0.1
Other religion 538 0.3 747 0.4 1,266 0.6
Religion not stated 13,714 7.6 15,396 7.8 13,930 6.9
Total population 181,094 100.0 198,051 100.0 202,821 100.0

York's Economy: How People Make a Living

Understanding York's Economy

York's economy is worth £5.2 billion to the UK. It has 9,000 businesses and 110,000 jobs. The city has a skilled workforce and good transport links.

Most jobs in York are in the service industry. This includes public services, health, education, and tourism. Tourism is a very important part of York's economy. The city has many historic places to visit, like York Minster. In 2019, tourism brought in over £765 million. It supported 24,000 jobs and attracted 8.4 million visitors.

York designer outlet (geograph 6848025)
York Designer Outlet

Unemployment in York was low in 2008. The biggest employer is the City of York Council. Other large employers include Aviva, Network Rail, and the University of York.

In the past, York's economy relied on chocolate making and railways. The York Carriage Works once employed 5,500 people but closed in the 1990s. Today, York is home to Nestlé York (formerly Rowntree's). They make famous chocolates like KitKat and Yorkie. Terry's chocolate factory used to be in York but closed in 2005.

Spark York 02
Spark:York, opened in 2018 as part of the Piccadilly regeneration scheme, offers a range of street food, drinks and live music.

York's economy is now growing in science, technology, and creative industries. The city has a science park near the University of York. Between 1998 and 2008, York gained 80 new technology companies.

Aviva, York
The Aviva Building

How COVID-19 Affected York's Economy

The COVID-19 pandemic caused an economic slowdown in York. Businesses and travel faced restrictions. By January 2021, unemployment rose. The retail, hospitality, and tourism sectors were hit hard.

In August 2020, "Make It York" and the city council started a plan. They wanted to help the city recover and build confidence. Some thought York relied too much on tourism. However, experts believed York was ready to bounce back. They thought new businesses would focus on experiences. They also predicted more "staycation" trips to York.

Public Services in York

York Hospital Front entrance
York Hospital is the city's primary medical facility.

The North Yorkshire Police provides policing in York. The North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service handles fire and rescue.

York's main hospital is York Hospital. It opened in 1976 and provides general healthcare. The Yorkshire Ambulance Service provides ambulance services.

Cour Magistrats York 6
York Magistrates Court

Yorkshire Water manages York's drinking water and wastewater.

York Crown Court
York Crown Court

York has a magistrates' court and a Crown Court. The York Crown Court building was designed by John Carr. The old prison is now the Castle Museum.

Getting Around York: Transport

Waterways in York

York's location on the River Ouse and Foss has always been important for transport. The Ouse used to be tidal, allowing ships to reach York. Today, both rivers are still navigable. A lock at Naburn stops the Ouse from being tidal in York.

In the past, barges carried goods between York and Hull. Now, the rivers are mostly used for leisure boats.

Panorama of the River Ouse looking south from Lendal Bridge

Roads Connecting York

Stonegate in York - geograph.org.uk - 1261035
Stonegate is pedestrianised during the day.

York is well-connected by major roads. The A19 road, A59 road, A64 road, and A1079 road all meet here. The A64 links York to the A1(M) and M1 motorways. The M62 motorway is also nearby.

An outer ring road goes around the city. This helps traffic avoid the city center. Many streets inside the city walls are for pedestrians only. York also has six park and ride sites. Visitors can park outside the city and take a bus into the center.

Buses in York

First bendy bus on York P&R
A First York Mercedes-Benz Citaro articulated bus on Rougier Street

Buses are the main public transport in York. First York runs most local services and park and ride buses. Transdev York also runs many local routes. Open-top tourist buses are available for sightseeing.

Buses also connect York to nearby towns and villages. Longer-distance services go to places like Hull and Harrogate.

Railway Connections in York

York station rush hour
York railway station's interior

York has been a major railway center since 1839. It was once the headquarters for the North Eastern Railway.

York railway station is a key stop on the East Coast Main Line. Five train companies serve York.

Point A Via Point B Via
London North Eastern Railway
London King's Cross (under two hours from York, around 25 direct trains each weekday) Peterborough & Doncaster Edinburgh Waverley Durham & Newcastle
Sunderland
Middlesbrough Thornaby
CrossCountry
Plymouth Bristol Temple Meads, Birmingham New Street, Derby, Sheffield & Wakefield Westgate Glasgow Central & or Edinburgh Waverley Darlington, Durham & Newcastle
Newcastle Durham & Darlington Southampton Central & or Reading Birmingham International, Birmingham New Street & Oxford
TransPennine Express
Newcastle Darlington Liverpool Lime Street Leeds, Dewsbury, Huddersfield & Manchester Victoria
Redcar Central Middlesbrough Manchester Airport Huddersfield, Manchester Oxford Road & Manchester Piccadilly
York Terminus Scarborough Malton & Seamer
Northern
York (the provider's headquarters) Terminus Leeds Harrogate
Bridlington Hull Paragon
Sheffield Rotherham Central
Blackpool North Bradford Interchange, Halifax, Hebden Bridge, Burnley Manchester Road, Blackburn & Preston
Grand Central
London King's Cross Peterborough Sunderland Eaglescliffe & Hartlepool

Air Travel from York

Hawker Hunter at Yorkshire Air Museum (8248)
Yorkshire Air Museum

The closest international airports are Leeds Bradford (30 miles/48 km away) and Teesside (47 miles/76 km). Manchester (84 miles/135 km) offers flights to Europe, North America, Africa, and Asia. It has direct train links to York.

York has an airfield at the former RAF Elvington. This is home to the Yorkshire Air Museum.

Learning in York: Education

Museums and Historic Buildings in York

York Castle Museum - geograph.org.uk - 3609942
York Castle Museum, an 18th century building

York Castle includes the medieval Clifford's Tower and the York Castle Museum. The city has many other museums and historic sites. These include the Yorkshire Museum, Jorvik Viking Centre, and York Art Gallery. You can also visit Merchant Adventurers' Hall and Fairfax House.

The National Railway Museum is near the station. It has a huge collection of trains, including the famous Mallard and Flying Scotsman. You can also visit the York Cold War Bunker to learn about the Cold War.

York Library (15th July 2013) 002
York Library

York's first public library opened in 1893. The current York Library building opened in 1927.

Universities and Colleges in York

York central hall
University of York, view across the lake to Central Hall

The main campus of the University of York is on the edge of the city. Some of its departments are in the historic King's Manor in the city center.

York St John University also has university status. It used to be a college of the University of Leeds. The Hull York Medical School is also part of the University of York.

York has two main colleges for further education. York College offers many academic and vocational courses. Askham Bryan College specializes in subjects like horticulture and agriculture.

Schools in York

Hall range St Peter's School York
St Peter's School, the city's oldest school founded in the 7th century AD

There are 70 local council schools in York. They teach over 24,000 students. Primary schools teach ages 5–11. Ten secondary schools teach ages 11–16. Four of these also offer education up to age 18.

All Saints School is an "outstanding" Roman Catholic secondary school. It was founded in 1665. It's the only Catholic secondary school in the city.

York also has several private schools. St Peter's School was founded in 627. The famous scholar Alcuin taught there. Guy Fawkes also went to this school.

Two schools, Bootham School and The Mount School, have Quaker origins. Bootham is for both boys and girls. The Mount School is for girls only. Queen Margaret's School is another all-girls school.

York's Culture and Fun

York is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network for its media arts.

Theatre and Plays in York

Théâtre Royal York 1
York Theatre Royal

The Theatre Royal opened in 1744. It puts on a popular annual pantomime. The Grand Opera House and Joseph Rowntree Theatre also have many shows. York is home to the Riding Lights Theatre Company.

York Opera
Interior of York's Grand Opera House

The York Mystery Plays are performed regularly. These plays are based on old medieval stories. They were first performed in the 1300s. Famous actors like Dame Judi Dench have been in them.

Music Scene in York

The Academy of St Olave's is a music group that performs in St Olave's Church. The National Centre for Early Music is in a former church. It hosts concerts and events, including the York Early Music Festival. Students and staff from the York St John University and University of York music departments also perform.

Food and Drink in York

Every September, York holds a Festival of Food and Drink. It highlights local food from York and North Yorkshire. The festival attracts many visitors.

The Assize of Ale is an old tradition in York. People in medieval costumes visit pubs to raise money for charity. It started in the 1200s to check the quality of beer.

York ham
York ham

York's racecourse hosts Yorkshire's biggest beer festival. It offers hundreds of different beers and ciders.

A local food is York ham. It's a mild, pink ham. Some say the sawdust from building York Minster was used to smoke it.

Tea Rooms in York

Betty's Cafe Tea Rooms, York (geograph 407877)
Bettys Café Tea Rooms

In the center of York, you'll find Bettys Café Tea Rooms. The founder was so impressed by the Queen Mary ship. He hired its designers to create the elegant café. During World War II, the basement "Bettys Bar" was popular with airmen. Many of them carved their names on "Bettys Mirror."

Must-See Attractions in York

York's Amazing Architecture

York Minster, a huge Gothic cathedral, is the most famous building.

York's center is surrounded by its medieval walls. These are the most complete in England. You can walk along them. They include parts of Roman and Norman walls. The full walk is about 2.5 miles (4 km).

The Snickelways are narrow walking paths in central York. Many led to old market places. The Shambles is a narrow medieval street. It's full of shops and tea rooms. Its name comes from an old word for a meat market. You can still see hooks where meat was hung.

York's Pubs

Kings Arms York - geograph.org.uk - 583995
The Kings Arms

In 2015, York had over 100 pubs in its city center. Some are hundreds of years old. Famous ones include the Golden Fleece and Ye Olde Starre Inne. The Kings Arms is often photographed during floods. York is known as a top UK beer destination.

Media in York

The Press, York (geograph 6247772)
The Press on Walmgate

York has a local newspaper, The Press. There are also four local radio stations: BBC Radio York, YorkMix Radio, YO1 Radio and Jorvik Radio. YorkMix is a digital news and radio website.

Local TV news comes from BBC Yorkshire and ITV Yorkshire. York also has its own local TV channel, That's TV North Yorkshire.

The University of York has its own TV station, York Student Television (YSTV). It also has two campus newspapers and a radio station, URY.

Sports in York

Football in York

York's new stadium (geograph 6866365)
York Community Stadium

York's football team is York City. They are known for beating bigger teams in cup competitions. They reached the FA Cup semi-final in 1955. They beat Manchester United 3–0 in 1995. Their home ground is the York Community Stadium. Famous footballers from York include Lucy Staniforth and Lewis Cook.

York also has a strong rugby league history. The York Wasps were one of the oldest rugby league clubs. After they went bankrupt, supporters formed a new club, York City Knights. They also play at the York Community Stadium. The men's team is now called York Knights, and the women's team is York Valkyrie.

Rugby Union in York

Rugby union has been played in York since the 1860s. York RUFC was formed in 1928. Their home ground is at Clifton Park. Other teams include York Railway Institute (RI) RUFC and Nestle Rowntree RUFC.

Field Hockey in York

York has several field hockey clubs. These include City of York Hockey Club, Acomb Hockey Club, and University of York Hockey Club.

Horse Racing in York

York Racecourse (geograph 6167043)
York Racecourse

York Racecourse started in 1731. It's a major horseracing venue. Thousands of people come to York each year for the 15 race meetings. The racecourse also hosted Royal Ascot in 2005. The four-day Ebor Festival is held in August.

In 2014, York hosted the start of Stage 2 of the 2014 Tour de France. In 2015, the first Tour de Yorkshire race finished in York.

Other Sports in York

An open rowing club, York City Rowing Club, is under Lendal Bridge. University rowing clubs also use the River Ouse. There are two sailing clubs near York.

York hosts the UK Snooker Championship at the York Barbican.

York's Military Presence

Imphall Barracks (geograph 6765373)
Imphal Barracks

York Garrison is a base for the British army. It has several units in and around the city. These include:

  • York Station
  • Strensall Station
    • Queen Elizabeth Barracks
      • Headquarters, 2nd Medical Brigade
      • 34 Field Hospital, Royal Army Medical Corps

York's Global Connections

Twin Towns and Sister Cities

York is connected with other cities around the world:

In 2016, York became a sister city with Nanjing, China. They agreed to build links in tourism, education, and culture.

In 2014, York also had a "temporal twinning" with Jórvík. This was the Viking city that stood on York's site from 866 to 1066. In 2017, York became the UK's first "human rights city." This means the city aims to use human rights in its decisions.

Honorary Citizens of York

Individuals Given Freedom of the City

The "Freedom of the City" is a special honor given to people.

Military Units Given Freedom of the City

  • The Royal Dragoon Guards: 1999.
  • 2 Signals Regiment: 2001.
  • A Squadron The Queen's Own Yeomanry: 2009.
  • RAF Linton on Ouse: 2010.
  • The Queen's Gurkha Signals: 2015.

Famous People from York

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: York para niños

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York Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.