Vilnius facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Vilnius
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City municipality
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Top: Vilnius Old Town
Middle left: Vilnius Cathedral Middle right: St. Anne's Church The 3rd row: Vilnius business district (Šnipiškės) The 4th row: Presidential Palace. |
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Nickname(s):
Jerusalem of Lithuania, Athens of the North
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Motto(s):
Unitas, Justitia, Spes
(Latin: Unity, Justice, Hope) |
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Location of Vilnius
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Country | Lithuania | ||
Ethnographic region | Dainava | ||
County | Vilnius County | ||
Municipality | Vilnius city municipality | ||
Capital of | Lithuania Vilnius County Vilnius city municipality Vilnius district municipality |
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First mentioned | 1323 | ||
Granted city rights | 1387 | ||
Elderships |
List
Antakalnis
Fabijoniškės Grigiškės Justiniškės Karoliniškės Lazdynai Naujamiestis Naujininkai Naujoji Vilnia Paneriai Pašilaičiai Pilaitė Rasos Šeškinė Šnipiškės Verkiai Vilkpėdė Senamiestis (Old Town) Viršuliškės Žirmūnai Žvėrynas |
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Area | |||
• City municipality | 401 km2 (155 sq mi) | ||
Elevation | 112 m (367 ft) | ||
Population
(2014)
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• City municipality | 539 939 | ||
• Density | 1,391.9/km2 (3,605/sq mi) | ||
• Metro | 806 308 (Vilnius County) | ||
Demonym(s) | Vilnian | ||
Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) | ||
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) | ||
Postal code |
01001-14191
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Area code(s) | (+370) 5 |
Vilnius is the capital city of Lithuania. It is also the largest city in that country. Vilnius is the largest city and the capital of Lithuania, with a population of 553,904 (850,700 together with Vilnius County) as of December 2005. It is the seat of the Vilnius city municipality and of the Vilnius district municipality. It is also the capital of Vilnius County. Vilnius lies 312 kilometres (194 mi) from the Baltic Sea and Klaipėda, the chief Lithuanian seaport. Vilnius is connected by highways to other major Lithuanian cities, such as Kaunas (102 km/63 mi away), Šiauliai (214 km/133 mi away) and Panevėžys (135 km/84 mi away).
Contents
History
Population
According to the 2001 census by the Vilnius Regional Statistical Office, there were 542,287 inhabitants in the Vilnius city municipality, of which 57.8% were Lithuanians, 18.7% Poles, 14% Russians, 4.0% Belarusians, 1.3% Ukrainians and 0.5% Jews.
Climate
The climate of Vilnius is considered as Humid Continental or Hemiboreal by Köppen climate classification. Summers can be hot, with temperatures above thirty degrees Celsius throughout the day. Winters can be very cold, with temperatures rarely reaching above freezing
Tourism
Vilnius is a cosmopolitan city with diverse architecture. There are more than 40 churches in Vilnius. Restaurants, hotels and museums have sprouted since Lithuania declared independence.
Like most medieval towns, Vilnius was developed around its Town Hall. The Old Town, the historical centre of Vilnius, is one of the largest in Europe (3.6 km²). The most valuable historic and cultural sites are concentrated here. The main sights of the city are Gediminas Castle and Cathedral Square, symbols of the capital. The Old Town of Vilnius was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1994. In 1995, the first bronzecast of Frank Zappa in the world was installed near the center of Vilnius with the permission of the government.
Economy
Vilnius is the major economic centre of Lithuania and one of the largest financial centres of the Baltic states.
Education
The city has many universities. The biggest are:
- Vilnius University
- Vilnius Gediminas Technical University
- Mykolas Romeris University
- Vilnius Pedagogical University
Specialized higher schools with the university status are:
- General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
- Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre
- Vilnius Academy of Fine Arts
- National M. K. Čiurlionis School of Art
Religion
Vilnius is the Roman Catholic center of the country, with the main church institutions and Archdiocesan Cathedral located here. There are many churches in the city as there are many monasteries and religion schools. The Church architecture in the city includes Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical styles, these styles can be foundin the Old Town. Vilnius is considered one of the main centers of the Polish Baroque movement in architecture of churches. Vilnius has been home to an Eastern Orthodox Christian presence since the thirteenth century. A famous Russian Orthodox monastery, named for the Holy Spirit, is located near the Gate of Dawn. St. Paraskeva's Orthodox Church in the Old Town is the site of the baptism of Hannibal, the great-grandfather of Pushkin, by Tsar Peter the Great in 1705. A number of Protestant and other Christian groups are present in Vilnius, most notably the Lutheran Evangelicals and the Baptists.
Once widely known as Yerushalayim De Lita (the "Jerusalem of Lithuania"), Vilnius once was comparable only to Jerusalem, Israel, as a world center for the study of the Torah, and for its large Jewish population. That is why one part of Vilnius was named Jeruzalė. At the end of the 19th century, the number of synagogues in Vilnius was more than hundred.
Islam came to Lithuania in the 14th century from Crimea and Kazan, through the Tatars. Tatars in Lithuania have maintained their religious practices: currently, about 3,000 Tatar Muslims live in Lithuania. There are same few groups of pre-Christian pagan in the city.
Subdivisions
The city of Vilnius is made up of 21 elderates that are based on neighbourhoods:
- Verkiai — includes Baltupiai, Jeruzalė, Santariškės, Balsiai, Visoriai
- Antakalnis — includes Valakampiai, Turniškės, Dvarčionys
- Pašilaičiai — includes Tarandė
- Fabijoniškės — includes Bajorai
- Pilaitė
- Justiniškės
- Viršuliškės
- Šeškinė
- Šnipiškės
- Žirmūnai — includes Šiaurės miestelis
- Karoliniškės
- Žvėrynas
- Grigiškės — a separate town included in the Vilnius city municipality
- Lazdynai
- Vilkpėdė — includes Vingis park
- Naujamiestis — includes bus and train stations
- Senamiestis (Old Town) — includes Užupis
- Naujoji Vilnia — includes Pavilnys, Pūčkoriai
- Paneriai — includes Trakų Vokė, Gariūnai
- Naujininkai — includes Kirtimai, Salininkai, Vilnius International Airport
- Rasos — includes Belmontas, Markučiai
Transport
Motorways
Vilnius is the starting point of the Vilnius-Kaunas-Klaipėda motorway that runs across Lithuania and connects the three major cities. The Vilnius-Panevėžys motorway is a branch of the Via-Baltica.
Airports
Vilnius International Airport serves most Lithuanian international flights to many major European destinations.
Public Transport
Vilnius has a public transportation system. There are over 60 bus and 19 trolleybus routes, the trolleybus network is one of the biggest in Europe. Over 250 buses and 260 trolleybuses transport about 500,000 people every day. In the end of year 2007 a new electronic monthly ticket system was introduced.
Sister cities
Vilnius has 14 sister cities.
Images for kids
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King Mindaugas Monument
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Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania and Grand Duke Gediminas Monument with the howling iron wolf
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La Grande Armée in Vilnius during its retreat (near the Vilnius Town Hall). In the beginning of invasion of Russia, Napoleon established the Lithuanian Provisional Governing Commission and the nobility seen him as a liberator.
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The former KGB headquarters in Vilnius, now the Museum of Occupations and Freedom Fights
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Foggy winter sunrise in Vilnius
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Gate of the Basilian Monastery where poet Adam Mickiewicz was imprisoned for fighting the Russian rule
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Page in Latin of theatre program dedicated to Algirdas (1687), once performed in Vilnius
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Krzysztof Mikołaj "Perkūnas" Radziwiłł (Voivode of Vilnius from 1584 to 1603). Due to his prominent victories versus Ivan the Terrible's troops during the Livonian War, he was nicknamed "the Thunderbolt" (Perkūnas).
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Vilnius Town Hall, reconstructed in neoclassical style according to the design by Laurynas Gucevičius in 1799
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Seimas Palace in Vilnius, where the parliamentarians of Lithuania convenes
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The 17th century Chapel of Saint Casimir, a patron saint of Lithuania and its youth, in the Cathedral of Vilnius
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Vilnius Old Town apartments offers views to the most notable landmarks of the city and a medieval atmosphere
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Grand Duke Sigismund II Augustus (a direct offspring of Gediminas by the man's line) and Grand Duchess Barbara Radziwiłł in Vilnius. The city prospered during his reign and the Golden Age.
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Manifesto of the Uprising of 1794 in Lithuanian, encouraging Lithuanians to defend Vilnius from falling under the Russian control. The Grand Duchy's capital was nearly empty when the uprising failed and in 1795 the state was abolished after the Third Partition.
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Pagan Lithuanians worshipping a grass snake, oak and holy fire. From Olaus Magnus' Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus (History of the Northern People), book 3, 1555.
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Multicultural Vilnians in 1915. The city was famous for its tolerance of various ethnicities till World War I.
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K29 business centre is the first office in the Baltic states which received excellent BREEAM rating
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The Republic of Užupis is a tourists frequently visited micronation in Vilnius, full of Bohemian culture and art
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Solaris Urbino 18 bus and Škoda 26Tr Solaris trolleybuses in Vilnius
See also
In Spanish: Vilna para niños