October 30 facts for kids

October 30th is a day filled with many important events throughout history, from ancient battles to modern scientific achievements and cultural milestones. It's a day when leaders rose to power, peace treaties were signed, and new discoveries changed the world. Many famous people, including presidents, scientists, and artists, were also born or passed away on this date.

Historical Events

Early History (Before 1600)

• 637 – During the Arab–Byzantine wars, the city of Antioch surrendered to the Rashidun Caliphate after a battle.
• 758 – The city of Guangzhou in China was attacked and looted by Arab and Persian pirates.
• 1137 – Ranulf of Apulia won a battle against Roger II of Sicily at Battle of Rignano, which helped him keep his position as duke.
• 1270 – The Eighth Crusade came to an end with an agreement between Charles I of Anjou and the rulers of Tunis, Tunisia.
• 1340 – During the Reconquista in Spain, forces from Portugal and Castile stopped a Muslim invasion at the Battle of Río Salado.

Later History (1601–1900)

• 1657 – In the Anglo-Spanish War, Spanish forces tried but failed to take back Jamaica.
• 1806 – During the War of the Fourth Coalition, a Prussian general, believing he was outnumbered, surrendered the city of Stettin to French soldiers.
• 1817 – Simón Bolívar, a famous leader, became President of the Third Republic of Venezuela.
• 1831 – Nat Turner, who led a major slave rebellion in the United States, was arrested.
• 1863 – Danish Prince Vilhelm arrived in Athens to become George I, the King of the Hellenes.
• 1864 – The Treaty of Vienna was signed, where Denmark gave up some land to Prussia and Austria.
• 1888 – The Rudd Concession was granted in Matabeleland to agents working for Cecil Rhodes.

Modern History (1901–Present)

• 1905 – Czar Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto, which gave Russian people basic freedoms and the right to form a parliament called a duma.
• 1918 – During World War I, the Ottoman Empire signed an agreement called the Armistice of Mudros with the Allied nations.
• 1920 – The Communist Party of Australia was founded in Sydney.
• 1938 – Orson Welles broadcast a radio show based on H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds, which caused a lot of panic among some listeners in the United States.
• 1941 – President Roosevelt approved $1 billion in aid to Allied nations through the Lend-Lease program during World War II.
• 1942 – During World War II, two British sailors, Lt. Tony Fasson and Able Seaman Colin Grazier, died while getting secret code books from a sinking German submarine.
• 1944 – Anne and Margot Frank were moved from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where they later died from illness.
• 1945 – Jackie Robinson signed a contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first African American player in modern Major League Baseball.
• 1947 – The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was created, which later became the foundation for the World Trade Organization (WTO).
• 1948 – A fishing boat in Malta carrying too many passengers capsized and sank, leading to the deaths of 23 people.
• 1953 – President Eisenhower approved a secret plan to maintain a strong nuclear defense against the Soviet Union.
• 1956 – During the Hungarian Revolution, the government recognized new workers' councils, and anti-Soviet groups attacked the ruling party's headquarters.
• 1959 – Piedmont Airlines Flight 349 crashed while landing in Virginia, killing 26 people.
• 1961 – The Soviet Union set off the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful explosive device ever detonated.
• 1961 – It was decided that Joseph Stalin's body would be removed from Lenin's tomb and buried elsewhere.
• 1968 – North Korean commandos landed in South Korea in a failed attempt to overthrow the government and unite Korea.
• 1973 – The Bosphorus Bridge in Turkey was finished, connecting Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait.
• 1975 – Prince Juan Carlos I of Spain became the acting head of state, taking over from the country's leader, Gen. Francisco Franco, who was ill.
• 1975 – Forty-five people died when Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 450 crashed near Prague in Czechoslovakia.
• 1980 – El Salvador and Honduras agreed to take their border dispute, which led to the 1969 Football War, to the International Court of Justice.
• 1983 – The first democratic elections were held in Argentina after seven years of military rule.
• 1983 – A strong earthquake in Turkey killed about 1,340 people.
• 1985 – Space Shuttle Challenger launched on its last successful mission, STS-61-A.
• 1991 – The Madrid Conference began, aiming to restart peace talks between Israel and Palestine.
• 1995 – Citizens of Quebec in Canada narrowly voted to remain a province of Canada in their second vote on independence.
• 2005 – The rebuilt Dresden Frauenkirche church in Germany, which was destroyed during World War II, was reopened after 13 years of rebuilding.
• 2014 – Sweden became the first European Union country to officially recognize the State of Palestine.
• 2015 – A fire in a nightclub in Bucharest, Romania, killed 64 people and injured many more.
• 2020 – A strong earthquake hit the Aegean Sea between Greece and Turkey, causing a tsunami and killing at least 119 people.
• 2022 – A pedestrian bridge collapsed in Morbi, India, leading to the deaths of at least 135 people.

Famous Births

Born Before 1900

• 39 BC – Julia the Elder, daughter of the Roman emperor Augustus.
• 1492 – Anne d'Alençon, a French noblewoman.
• 1632 – Christopher Wren, a famous English architect who designed St Paul's Cathedral.
• 1735 – John Adams, an American lawyer and the 2nd President of the United States.
• 1741 – Angelica Kauffman, a well-known painter.
• 1751 – Richard Brinsley Sheridan, an Irish-English poet and playwright.
• 1839 – Alfred Sisley, a French-English painter.
• 1873 – Francisco I. Madero, a Mexican businessman and the 33rd President of Mexico.
• 1878 – Arthur Scherbius, a German electrical engineer who invented the Enigma machine.
• 1885 – Ezra Pound, an American poet and critic.
• 1892 – Charles Atlas, a famous Italian-American bodybuilder.
• 1895 – Gerhard Domagk and Dickinson W. Richards, both Nobel Prize-winning scientists in medicine.
• 1896 – Ruth Gordon, an American actress and screenwriter.

Born After 1900

• 1906 – Giuseppe Farina, an Italian race car driver.
• 1909 – Homi J. Bhabha, an Indian-French physicist.
• 1914 – Leabua Jonathan, the 2nd Prime Minister of Lesotho.
• 1928 – Daniel Nathans, an American microbiologist and Nobel Prize winner.
• 1930 – Clifford Brown, an American trumpet player.
• 1932 – Louis Malle, a French director and producer.
• 1935 – Robert Caro, an American journalist and author.
• 1939 – Grace Slick, an American singer and model.
• 1941 – Theodor W. Hänsch, a German physicist and Nobel Prize winner.
• 1945 – Henry Winkler, an American actor, comedian, and director.
• 1951 – Harry Hamlin, an American actor.
• 1957 – Kevin Pollak, an American actor and game show host.
• 1960 – Diego Maradona, a legendary Argentinian footballer and coach.
• 1962 – Courtney Walsh, a famous Jamaican cricketer.
• 1965 – Gavin Rossdale, an English singer and guitarist.
• 1970 – Nia Long, an American actress.
• 1973 – Edge, a Canadian wrestler and actor.
• 1981 – Ivanka Trump, an American model and businesswoman.
• 1989 – Nastia Liukin, a Russian-American gymnast.
• 1996 – Devin Booker, an American basketball player.
• 1998 – Cale Makar, a Canadian ice hockey player.

Notable Deaths

Died Before 1900

• 1137 – Sergius VII, the Duke of Naples.
• 1459 – Poggio Bracciolini, an Italian scholar and translator.
• 1466 – Johann Fust, an early German printer.
• 1611 – Charles IX of Sweden, a Swedish king.
• 1632 – Henri II de Montmorency, a French admiral.
• 1757 – Osman III, an Ottoman sultan.
• 1809 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, a British politician and Prime Minister.
• 1893 – John Abbott, a Canadian lawyer and the 3rd Prime Minister of Canada.

Died After 1900

• 1910 – Henry Dunant, a Swiss activist who founded the Red Cross and won the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 1912 – James S. Sherman, the 27th Vice President of the United States.
• 1915 – Charles Tupper, the 6th Prime Minister of Canada.
• 1923 – Bonar Law, a British politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• 1943 – Max Reinhardt, an Austrian-born American actor and director.
• 1961 – Luigi Einaudi, the 2nd President of the Italian Republic.
• 1968 – Ramon Novarro, a Mexican-American actor and singer.
• 1975 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, a German physicist and Nobel Prize winner.
• 1979 – Barnes Wallis, an English scientist and engineer who invented the "bouncing bomb".
• 1987 – Joseph Campbell, an American mythologist and scholar.
• 1992 – Joan Mitchell, an American painter.
• 2000 – Steve Allen, an American actor and television personality.
• 2002 – Jam Master Jay, an American rapper and producer.
• 2007 – Robert Goulet, an American actor and singer.
• 2009 – Claude Lévi-Strauss, a French anthropologist.
• 2010 – Harry Mulisch, a Dutch author and poet.
• 2015 – Al Molinaro, an American actor.
• 2020 – Diego Maradona, a legendary Argentinian footballer and coach.

Holidays and Observances

• Anniversary of the Declaration of the Slovak Nation (Slovakia)
• Christian feast day:
  • Ethelnoth (Egelnoth) the Good
  • Blessed Dominic Collins (Catholic, Ireland, Society of Jesus)
  • Gerard of Potenza
  • Blessed Maria Teresa of St. Joseph
  • John Wycliffe (Episcopal Church (USA))
  • Marcellus of Tangier
  • Saturninus of Cagliari
  • Serapion of Antioch
  • Talarican (Tarkin)
  • Theonistus
  • Zenobios and Zenobia
  • October 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repressions (former Soviet republics, except Ukraine)
• Thevar Jayanthi (Thevar community, India)
• Mischief Night (Ireland, Canada, United Kingdom, United States and other places)

See also

In Spanish: 30 de octubre para niños