October 25 facts for kids

October 25th is a day filled with many interesting events throughout history, from important battles and discoveries to the birthdays of famous people and special holidays celebrated around the world. Let's explore some of the most notable moments that happened on this date!

Historical Events on October 25

Early History (Before 1600)

• 285 or 286 – Saints Crispin and Crispinian, who are now the patron saints of leather workers and shoemakers, were executed.
• 473 – Emperor Leo I named his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the East Roman Empire. This was an important step for Leo II to become emperor later.
• 1147 – The Seljuk Turks defeated German crusaders led by Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.
• 1147 – Reconquista: After a four-month siege, crusader knights successfully took over Lisbon.
• 1415 – Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England, with his lighter army, defeated the heavily armored French cavalry in the famous Battle of Agincourt.

Later History (1601–1900)

• 1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog became the second European to record landing on Australian soil. He landed at what is now Dirk Hartog Island.
• 1747 – War of the Austrian Succession: A British fleet, led by Admiral Edward Hawke, defeated the French at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre.
• 1760 – George III became the King of Britain after his grandfather, George II, passed away.
• 1809 – The Golden Jubilee of George III was celebrated in Britain as King George III began his fiftieth year as ruler.
• 1812 – War of 1812: The American ship USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captured the British ship HMS Macedonian.
• 1822 – Greek War of Independence: The First Siege of Missolonghi began.
• 1854 – The Battle of Balaclava happened during the Crimean War. This battle is famous for inspiring the poem The Charge of the Light Brigade.
• 1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange was created in Canada.
• 1868 – The Uspenski Cathedral, designed by Aleksey Gornostayev, was officially opened in Helsinki, Finland.
• 1875 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's famous Piano Concerto No. 1 was performed for the first time in Boston, Massachusetts.
• 1900 – The United Kingdom took control of the Transvaal Colony in South Africa.

Modern History (1901–Present)

• 1911 – The Xinhai Revolution spread to Guangzhou, where the Qing general Feng-shan was assassinated.
• 1917 – This was the Old Style date for the start of the October Revolution in Russia.
• 1920 – Terence MacSwiney, the Lord Mayor of Cork, died in prison after being on a hunger strike for 74 days.
• 1924 – The Zinoviev letter, which was later denied by Zinoviev, was published in the Daily Mail. Some blamed this letter for a big election loss for the Labour party.
• 1927 – The Italian luxury ship SS Principessa Mafalda sank off the coast of Brazil, and 314 people lost their lives.
• 1932 – George Lansbury became the leader of the opposition Labour Party in Britain.
• 1940 – Benjamin O. Davis Sr. was named the first African American general in the United States Army.
• 1944 – World War II: Heinrich Himmler ordered a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a youth group in Nazi Germany that helped people hide from the Third Reich.
• 1944 – World War II: The American submarine USS Tang was sunk by its own torpedo, which was not working correctly.
• 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf reached its peak. This was the final major attempt by the Imperial Japanese Navy to win the war.
• 1945 – After fifty years of Japanese rule, Taiwan was formally returned to the Republic of China.
• 1949 – The Battle of Guningtou began in the Taiwan Strait.
• 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: Adlai Stevenson showed the United Nations Security Council photos that proved the Soviet Union had missiles in Cuba.
• 1971 – The People's Republic of China took the place of the Republic of China at the United Nations.
• 1973 – Egypt and Israel agreed to United Nations Security Council Resolution 339, which called for a ceasefire.
• 1980 – Discussions for the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction were completed. This convention helps return children who have been taken across international borders.
• 1983 – The United States and its allies from the Caribbean invaded Grenada. This happened six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop was executed in a coup d'état (a sudden takeover of the government).
• 1990 – The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic declared its independence from the Soviet Union.
• 1997 – After a civil war, Denis Sassou Nguesso declared himself President of the Republic of the Congo.
• 1999 – A Learjet 35 crashed in Mina, South Dakota, killing all six people on board, including PGA golfer Payne Stewart.
• 2001 – Microsoft released Windows XP, which became one of its most popular computer operating systems.
• 2010 – Mount Merapi in Indonesia began a series of powerful eruptions that lasted a month. These eruptions killed 353 people and forced 350,000 people to leave their homes.
• 2010 – A very strong magnitude 7.8 earthquake hit off Indonesia's Mentawai Islands. This caused a tsunami that killed at least 400 people.

Famous Birthdays on October 25

Born Before 1900

• 1453 – Giuliano de' Medici, a powerful Italian nobleman from the famous Medici family.
• 1510 – Renée of France, a French princess and duchess.
• 1692 – Elisabeth Farnese, who became the Queen of Spain.
• 1759 – William Grenville, an English politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• 1767 – Benjamin Constant, a Swiss-French philosopher and politician.
• 1790 – Robert Stirling, a Scottish clergyman and inventor, known for the Stirling engine.
• 1800 – Thomas Babington Macaulay, an English poet, historian, and politician.
• 1811 – Évariste Galois, a brilliant French mathematician.
• 1825 – Johann Strauss II, a famous Austrian composer, known as "The Waltz King."
• 1838 – Georges Bizet, a French composer, famous for his opera Carmen.
• 1864 – John Francis Dodge, an American businessman who co-founded the Dodge Company, known for cars.
• 1881 – Pablo Picasso, a world-renowned Spanish painter and sculptor, one of the most influential artists of the 20th century.
• 1888 – Richard E. Byrd, an American admiral and pilot, famous for his polar explorations.
• 1894 – Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu, a beloved Turkish poet and songwriter.
• 1895 – Levi Eshkol, a Ukrainian-Israeli soldier and politician who became the 3rd Prime Minister of Israel.
• 1900 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, a Nigerian educator and activist who fought for women's rights.

Born After 1900

• 1902 – Henry Steele Commager, an American historian and author.
• 1902 – Eddie Lang, an American jazz guitarist.
• 1910 – William Higinbotham, an American physicist and video game designer, who created one of the earliest video games.
• 1912 – Minnie Pearl, a famous American entertainer and comedian.
• 1921 – Michael I of Romania, the last King of Romania.
• 1924 – Billy Barty, an American actor.
• 1926 – Jimmy Heath, an American jazz saxophonist and composer.
• 1927 – Barbara Cook, an American singer and actress.
• 1928 – Marion Ross, an American actress, known for her role in Happy Days.
• 1931 – Annie Girardot, a French actress and singer.
• 1935 – Rusty Schweickart, an American astronaut.
• 1936 – Masako Nozawa, a Japanese voice actress, known for voicing Goku in Dragon Ball.
• 1941 – Helen Reddy, an Australian-American singer-songwriter and actress, famous for "I Am Woman."
• 1941 – Anne Tyler, an American author and critic.
• 1944 – Jon Anderson, an English singer-songwriter and guitarist, known from the band Yes.
• 1944 – James Carville, an American political consultant.
• 1947 – Glenn Tipton, an English singer-songwriter and guitarist from the band Judas Priest.
• 1948 – Dave Cowens, an American basketball player and coach.
• 1948 – Dan Gable, an American wrestler and coach, an Olympic gold medalist.
• 1950 – Chris Norman, an English singer-songwriter.
• 1955 – Glynis Barber, a South African-English actress.
• 1955 – Gale Anne Hurd, an American film producer, known for The Terminator and Aliens.
• 1955 – Matthias Jabs, a German guitarist and songwriter from the band Scorpions.
• 1957 – Nancy Cartwright, an American voice actress, famous for voicing Bart Simpson.
• 1958 – Kornelia Ender, an East German swimmer, multiple Olympic gold medalist.
• 1961 – Chad Smith, an American drummer, known from the Red Hot Chili Peppers.
• 1963 – Melinda McGraw, an American actress.
• 1964 – Katy Perry, a very popular American singer-songwriter and actress.
• 1969 – Samantha Bee, a Canadian-American comedian and television host.
• 1970 – Adam Goldberg, an American actor, director, and producer.
• 1970 – Adam Pascal, an American actor and singer.
• 1970 – Ed Robertson, a Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist from the Barenaked Ladies.
• 1971 – Pedro Martínez, a Dominican-American baseball player and sportscaster, a Hall of Famer.
• 1971 – Midori, a Japanese-American violinist.
• 1971 – Craig Robinson, an American actor and singer.
• 1975 – Zadie Smith, a well-known English author and academic.
• 1977 – Birgit Prinz, a German footballer and psychologist, one of the best female players ever.
• 1981 – Shaun Wright-Phillips, an English footballer.
• 1985 – Ciara, a famous American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress.
• 1987 – Fabian Hambüchen, a German gymnast, Olympic gold medalist.
• 1989 – Mia Wasikowska, an Australian actress.
• 1997 – Federico Chiesa, an Italian footballer.
• 1998 – Juan Soto, a Dominican baseball player.
• 2001 – Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant, the heir to the Belgian throne.

Notable Deaths on October 25

Passed Away Before 1900

• 625 – Pope Boniface V, a leader of the Catholic Church.
• 1047 – Magnus the Good, a Norwegian king.
• 1154 – Stephen, King of England.
• 1400 – Geoffrey Chaucer, a famous English philosopher, poet, and author, known for The Canterbury Tales.
• 1415 – Several important figures died at the Battle of Agincourt, including Charles I d'Albret, Philip II, Count of Nevers, and Edward, 2nd Duke of York.
• 1495 – John II of Portugal, a Portuguese king.
• 1647 – Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist and mathematician, known for inventing the barometer.
• 1760 – George II of Great Britain, the King of Great Britain and Ireland.
• 1806 – Henry Knox, an American general and politician, who served as the first U.S. Secretary of War.
• 1826 – Philippe Pinel, a French physician and psychiatrist, known for his work in mental health.
• 1895 – Charles Hallé, a German-English pianist and conductor.

Passed Away After 1900

• 1902 – Frank Norris, an American journalist and novelist.
• 1916 – William Merritt Chase, an American painter and educator.
• 1920 – Alexander of Greece, the King of Greece.
• 1920 – Terence MacSwiney, the Lord Mayor of Cork, and Joe Murphy both died on hunger strike in prison.
• 1921 – Bat Masterson, an American lawman and sportswriter.
• 1938 – Alfonsina Storni, a Swiss-Argentinian poet and author.
• 1945 – Robert Ley, a German politician during World War II.
• 1955 – Sadako Sasaki, a Japanese girl who became a symbol of peace.
• 1956 – Risto Ryti, a Finnish lawyer and politician who served as the 5th President of Finland.
• 1957 – Albert Anastasia, an Italian-American mob boss.
• 1960 – Harry Ferguson, an Irish-English engineer who founded the Ferguson Company, known for tractors.
• 1973 – Abebe Bikila, an Ethiopian runner and Olympic gold medalist.
• 1975 – Vladimir Herzog, a Brazilian journalist and activist.
• 1979 – Gerald Templer, an English field marshal and politician.
• 1980 – Víctor Galíndez, an Argentine boxer.
• 1989 – Mary McCarthy, an American novelist and critic.
• 1991 – Bill Graham, a German-American concert promoter.
• 1992 – Roger Miller, an American singer-songwriter and actor.
• 1993 – Vincent Price, a famous American actor, known for his roles in horror films.
• 1995 – Bobby Riggs, an American tennis player.
• 1999 – Payne Stewart, an American golfer, who died in a plane crash.
• 2002 – Richard Harris, an Irish actor and singer, known for his roles in Harry Potter and Gladiator.
• 2004 – John Peel, a popular English radio host and producer.
• 2010 – Gregory Isaacs, a Jamaican-English singer-songwriter.
• 2012 – Jacques Barzun, a French-American historian and author.
• 2013 – Hal Needham, an American stuntman, director, and screenwriter.
• 2013 – Bill Sharman, an American basketball player and coach.
• 2013 – Marcia Wallace, an American actress and comedian, known for voicing Edna Krabappel in The Simpsons.
• 2014 – Jack Bruce, a Scottish singer-songwriter and bass player, known from the band Cream.
• 2016 – Carlos Alberto Torres, a Brazilian football player and manager, a World Cup winner.
• 2016 – Bob Hoover, a famous American pilot known for his airshow performances.

Holidays and Celebrations on October 25

• Armed Forces Day (Romania)
• Christian feast day:
  • Bernat Calbó (Bernard of Calvo)
  • Pope Boniface I
  • Canna
  • Blessed Carlo Gnocchi
  • Crysanthus and Daria (Western Christianity)
  • Crispin and Crispinian
  • Fructus
  • Gaudentius of Brescia
  • Goeznovius
  • Minias of Florence
  • Mar Nestorius (in the Nestorian churches)
  • Tabitha (Dorcas)
  • Tegulus
  • Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy
  • The Six Welsh Martyrs and companions (in Wales)
  • The Hallowing of Nestorius
  • October 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which Nevada Day can fall, while October 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Friday in October. (Nevada)
• Earliest day on which October Holiday can fall, while October 31 is the latest; observed on last Monday in October. (Ireland)
• Earliest day on which Teacher's Day (Australia) can fall, while October 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Friday in October. (Australia)
• Customs Officer's Day (Russia)
• Day of the Basque Country (Basque Country)
• Republic Day (Kazakhstan)
• Retrocession Day (Taiwan)
• Sovereignty Day (Slovenia)
• Thanksgiving Day (Grenada)

See also

In Spanish: 25 de octubre para niños