Sculpture facts for kids

Assyrian lamassu gate guardian from Khorsabad, circa 800–721 BCE

Michelangelo's Moses, (c. 1513–1515), San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome, for the tomb of Pope Julius II

Netsuke of tigress with two cubs, mid-19th-century Japan, ivory with shell inlay

The Angel of the North by Antony Gormley, 1998

Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process. A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded or cast.

Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than pottery) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely. However, most ancient sculpture was brightly painted, and this has been lost.

Sculpture has been central in religious devotion in many cultures, and until recent centuries large sculptures, too expensive for private individuals to create, were usually an expression of religion or politics. Those cultures whose sculptures have survived in quantities include the cultures of the ancient Mediterranean, India and China, as well as many in Central and South America and Africa.

The Western tradition of sculpture began in ancient Greece, and Greece is widely seen as producing great masterpieces in the classical period. During the Middle Ages, Gothic sculpture represented the agonies and passions of the Christian faith. The revival of classical models in the Renaissance produced famous sculptures such as Michelangelo's David. Modernist sculpture moved away from traditional processes and the emphasis on the depiction of the human body, with the making of constructed sculpture, and the presentation of found objects as finished art works.

Types

A basic distinction is between sculpture in the round, free-standing sculpture, such as statues, not attached (except possibly at the base) to any other surface, and the various types of relief, which are at least partly attached to a background surface. Relief is often classified by the degree of projection from the wall into low or bas-relief, high relief, and sometimes an intermediate mid-relief. Sunk-relief is a technique restricted to ancient Egypt. Relief is the usual sculptural medium for large figure groups and narrative subjects, which are difficult to accomplish in the round, and is the typical technique used both for architectural sculpture, which is attached to buildings, and for small-scale sculpture decorating other objects, as in much pottery, metalwork and jewellery. Relief sculpture may also decorate steles, upright slabs, usually of stone, often also containing inscriptions.

Another basic distinction is between subtractive carving techniques, which remove material from an existing block or lump, for example of stone or wood, and modelling techniques which shape or build up the work from the material. Techniques such as casting, stamping and moulding use an intermediate matrix containing the design to produce the work; many of these allow the production of several copies.

Open air Buddhist rock reliefs at the Longmen Grottoes, China

The term "sculpture" is often used mainly to describe large works, which are sometimes called monumental sculpture, meaning either or both of sculpture that is large, or that is attached to a building. But the term properly covers many types of small works in three dimensions using the same techniques, including coins and medals, hardstone carvings, a term for small carvings in stone that can take detailed work.

The very large or "colossal" statue has had an enduring appeal since antiquity; the largest on record at 182 m (597 ft) is the 2018 Indian Statue of Unity. Another grand form of portrait sculpture is the equestrian statue of a rider on horse, which has become rare in recent decades. The smallest forms of life-size portrait sculpture are the "head", showing just that, or the bust, a representation of a person from the chest up. Small forms of sculpture include the figurine, normally a statue that is no more than 18 inches (46 cm) tall, and for reliefs the plaquette, medal or coin.

Modern and contemporary art have added a number of non-traditional forms of sculpture, including sound sculpture, light sculpture, environmental art, environmental sculpture, street art sculpture, kinetic sculpture (involving aspects of physical motion), land art, and site-specific art. Sculpture is an important form of public art. A collection of sculpture in a garden setting can be called a sculpture garden.

Related pages

• Pottery
• Costume
• Mask
• Doll
• Statue

Images for kids

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  An example of Inhabited Sculpture

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  Moai from Easter Island, where the concentration of resources on large sculpture may have had serious political effects.

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  Medal of John VIII Palaeologus, c. 1435, by Pisanello, the first portrait medal, a medium essentially made for collecting.

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  Sumerian male worshipper, alabaster with shell eyes, 2750−2600 BCE

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  Modern reconstruction of the original painted appearance of a Late Archaic Greek marble figure from the Temple of Aphaea, based on analysis of pigment traces, c. 500 BCE

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  Ludwig Gies, cast iron plaquette, 8 x 9.8 cm, Refugees, 1915

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  Dale Chihuly, 2006, (Blown glass)

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  A carved wooden Bodhisattva from China's Song dynasty 960–1279, Shanghai Museum

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  Detail of Crucifixion of Jesus Christ, Spanish, wood and polychrome, 1793.

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  Nuremberg sculptor Adam Kraft, self-portrait from St Lorenz Church, 1490s.

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  Venus of Hohle Fels (also known as the Venus of Schelklingen; is an Upper Paleolithic Venus figurine hewn from ivory of a mammoth tusk found in 2008 near Schelklingen, Germany. It is dated to between 35,000 and 40,000 years ago, belonging to the early Aurignacian, at the very beginning of the Upper Paleolithic, which is associated with the assumed earliest presence of Homo sapiens in Europe (Cro-Magnon). Along with the Löwenmensch, it is the oldest undisputed example of Upper Paleolithic art and figurative prehistoric art in general.

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  Cylinder seal with its impression on clay; serpopards and eagles, Uruk Period, 4100–3000 BCE

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  Thutmose, Bust of Nefertiti, 1345 BCE, Egyptian Museum of Berlin

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  Charioteer of Delphi, ancient Greek bronze sculpture, 5th century BCE, close up head detail

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  The Pergamene style of the Hellenistic period, from the Pergamon Altar, early 2nd century

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  Small Greek terracotta figurines were very popular as ornaments in the home

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  Section of Trajan's Column, CE 113, with scenes from the Dacian Wars

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  Silver monster on a chape, Scottish or Anglo-Saxon, St Ninian's Isle Treasure, c. 800?

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  The Gero Cross, c. 965–970, Cologne, Germany. The first great example of the revival of large sculpture

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  The Brunswick Lion, 1166, the first large hollow casting of a figure since antiquity, 1.78 metres tall and 2.79 metres long

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  The Shrine of the Three Kings in Cologne Cathedral.

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  French ivory Virgin and Child, end of 13th century, 25 cm high, curving to fit the shape of the ivory tusk

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  Michelangelo, Pietà, 1499

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  One of the first representations of the Buddha, 1st–2nd century CE, Gandhara

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  Seated Bodhisattva Guanyin, wood and pigment, 11th century, Northern Song dynasty.

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  Nara Daibutsu, c. 752, Nara, Japan

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  9th-century Khmer lintel

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  Ivory with traces of paint, 11th–12th century, Egypt

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  Mask from Gabon

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  Two Chiwara c. late 19th early 20th centuries, Art Institute of Chicago. Female (left) and male Vertical styles

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  St. James panel, from reredos in Cristo Rey Church, Santa Fe, New Mexico, c. 1760

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  Edgar Degas, Little Dancer of Fourteen Years, cast in 1922 from a mixed-media sculpture modeled c. 1879–80, Bronze, partly tinted, with cotton

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  Henry Moore, Large Reclining Figure, 1984 (based on a smaller model of 1938), Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge

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  David Smith, CUBI VI, (1963), Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

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  Christo and Jeanne-Claude, Umbrellas 1991, Japan

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  Device to Root Out Evil (1997) sculpture by Dennis Oppenheim at Palma de Mallorca, Plaça de la Porta de Santa Catalina

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  Spiral Jetty by Robert Smithson, in 2005

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  Visible damage due to acid rain on a sculpture

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  Löwenmensch, from Hohlenstein-Stadel, now in Ulmer Museum, Ulm, Germany, the oldest known anthropomorphic animal-human statuette, Aurignacian era, c. 35–40,000 BP

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  Creeping Hyena, c. 12–17,000 BP, mammoth ivory, found in La Madeleine, France

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  Swimming Reindeer c. 13,000 BP, female and male swimming reindeer – late Magdalenian period, found at Montastruc, Tarn et Garonne, France

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  Urfa Man, in the Şanlıurfa Museum; sandstone, 1.80 meters, c. 9,000 BCE

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  A Jōmon dogū figure, 1st millennium BCE, Japan

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  The Trundholm sun chariot, perhaps 1800–1500 BCE; this side is gilded, the other is "dark".

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  The Guennol Lioness, 3rd millennium BCE, 3.25 inches (8.3 cm) high

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  One of 18 Statues of Gudea, a ruler around 2090 BCE

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  Part of the Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal, c. 640 BCE, Nineveh

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  Facsimile of the Narmer Palette, c. 3100 BCE, which already shows the canonical Egyptian profile view and proportions of the figure

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  Menkaura (Mycerinus) and queen, Old Kingdom, Dynasty 4, 2490–2472 BCE. The formality of the pose is reduced by the queen's arm round her husband

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  Wooden tomb models, Dynasty XI; a high administrator counts his cattle

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  Tutankhamun's mask, c. late Eighteenth dynasty, Egyptian Museum

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  The Younger Memnon c. 1250 BCE, British Museum

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  Osiris on a lapis lazuli pillar in the middle, flanked by Horus on the left, and Isis on the right, 22nd dynasty, Louvre

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  The ka statue provided a physical place for the ka to manifest. Egyptian Museum, Cairo

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  Block statue of Pa-Ankh-Ra, ship master, bearing a statue of Ptah. Late Period, c. 650–633 BCE, Cabinet des Médailles

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  Cycladic statue 2700–2300 BCE. Head from the figure of a woman, H. 27 centimetres (11 in)

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  Mycenae, 1600−1500 BCE. Silver rhyton with gold horns and rosette on the forehead

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  The "Naxian Sphinx" from Delphi, 570–560 BCE, the figure 222 cm (87 in) high

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  Peplos Kore, c. 530 BCE, Athens, Acropolis Museum

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  Late Archaic warrior from the east pediment of the Temple of Aphaea, c. 500

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  The Amathus sarcophagus, from Amathus, Cyprus, 2nd quarter of the 5th century BCE Archaic period, Metropolitan Museum of Art

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  Two elegant ladies, pottery figurines, 350–300

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  Bronze Statuette of a Horse, late 2nd – 1st century BCE Metropolitan Museum of Art

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  The Winged Victory of Samothrace, c. 190 BCE, Louvre

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  Etruscan sarcophagus, 3rd century BCE

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  The "Capitoline Brutus", dated to the 3rd or 1st century BCE

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  Augustus of Prima Porta, statue of the emperor Augustus, 1st century CE. Vatican Museums

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  Tomb relief of the Decii, 98–117 CE

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  Bust of Emperor Claudius, c. 50 CE, (reworked from a bust of emperor Caligula), It was found in the so-called Otricoli basilica in Lanuvium, Italy, Vatican Museums

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  Commodus dressed as Hercules, c. 191 CE, in the late imperial "baroque" style

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  The Four Tetrarchs, c. 305, showing the new anti-classical style, in porphyry, now San Marco, Venice

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  The cameo gem known as the "Great Cameo of France", c. 23 CE, with an allegory of Augustus and his family

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  Archangel Ivory, 525–550, Constantinople

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  Late Carolingian ivory panel, probably meant for a book-cover

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  The Harbaville Triptych, Byzantine ivory, mid-10th century

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  Baptismal font at St Bartholomew's Church, Liège, Baptism of Christ, 1107–1118

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  The tympanum of Vézelay Abbey, Burgundy, France, 1130s

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  Facade, Cathedral of Ourense 1160, Spain

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  Pórtico da Gloria, Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain, c. 12th–13th centuries

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  West portal of Chartres Cathedral (c. 1145)

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  South portal of Chartres Cathedral (c. 1215–1220)

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  West portal at Reims Cathedral, Annunciation group

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  Nicola Pisano, Nativity and Adoration of the Magi from the pulpit of the Pisa Baptistery

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  The Bamberg Horseman 1237, near life-size stone equestrian statue, the first of this kind since antiquity.

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  Lid of the Walters Casket, with the Siege of the Castle of Love at left, and jousting. Paris, 1330–1350

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  Siege of the Castle of Love on a mirror-case in the Louvre, 1350–1370; the ladies are losing.

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  Central German Pietà, 1330–1340

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  Claus Sluter, David and a prophet from the Well of Moses

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  Section of a panelled altarpiece with Resurrection of Christ, English, 1450–1490, Nottingham alabaster with remains of colour

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  Detail of the Last Supper from Tilman Riemenschneider's Altar of the Holy Blood, 1501–1505, Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Bavaria

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  oblique view here]]

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  Luca della Robbia, detail of Cantoria, c. 1438, Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence

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  Francesco Laurana, female bust (cast)

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  Verrocchio, Doubting Thomas, 1467–1483, Orsanmichele, Florence

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  Giambologna, Samson Slaying a Philistine, about 1562

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  Bust of Louis XIV, 1686, by Antoine Coysevox

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  Saint Veronica by Francesco Mochi (1640), Saint Peter's Basilica

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  Franz Anton Bustelli, Rococo Nymphenburg Porcelain group

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  Jean-Antoine Houdon, Bust of Benjamin Franklin, 1778, Metropolitan Museum of Art

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  John Flaxman, Memorial in the church at Badger, Shropshire, c. 1780s

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  Gandhara frieze with devotees, holding plantain leaves, in purely Hellenistic style, inside Corinthian columns, 1st–2nd century CE. Buner, Swat, Pakistan. Victoria and Albert Museum

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  Fragment of the wind god Boreas, Hadda, Afghanistan.

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  Coin of Demetrius I of Bactria, who reigned circa 200–180 BCE and invaded Northern India

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  Stucco Buddha head, once painted, from Hadda, Afghanistan, 3rd–4th centuries

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  Gandhara Poseidon (Ancient Orient Museum)

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  The Buddhist gods Pancika (left) and Hariti (right), 3rd century, Gandhara

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  Taller Buddha of Bamiyan, c. 547 CE, in 1963 and in 2008 after they were dynamited and destroyed in March 2001 by the Taliban

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  A bronze ding from late Shang dynasty (13th century–10th century BCE)

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  A tomb guardian usually placed inside the doors of the tomb to protect or guide the soul, Warring States period, c. 3rd century BCE

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  Lifesize calvalryman from the Terracotta Army, Qin dynasty, c. 3rd century BCE

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  Gold stag with eagle's head, and ten further heads in the antlers. An object inspired by the art of the Siberian Altai mountain, possibly Pazyryk, unearthed at the site of Nalinggaotu, Shenmu County, near Xi'an, China. Possibly from the "Hun people who lived in the prairie in Northern China". Dated to the 4th-3rd century BCE, or Han Dynasty period. Shaanxi History Museum.

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  Tomb figure of dancing girl, Han Dynasty (202 BCE—220 CE)

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  Bronze cowrie container with yaks, from the Dian Kingdom (4th century BCE – 109 BCE) tradition of the Western Han

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  Northern Wei dynasty Maitreya (386–534)

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  Tang dynasty tomb figure in sancai glaze pottery, horse and groom (618–907)

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  Seated Buddha, Tang dynasty c. 650.

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  The Leshan Giant Buddha, Tang dynasty, completed in 803.

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  A wooden Bodhisattva from the Song dynasty (960–1279)

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  Chinese jade Cup with Dragon Handles, Song dynasty, 12th century

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  Guanyin Bodhisattva in Blanc de Chine (Dehua porcelain), by He Chaozong, Ming dynasty, early 17th century

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  Blue underglaze statue of a man with his pipe, Jingdezhen porcelain, Ming Wanli period (1573–1620)

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  A Chinese guardian lion outside Yonghe Temple, Beijing, Qing dynasty, c. 1694

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  'Flame-style' vessel, Neolithic Jōmon period; c. 2750 BCE; earthenware with carved and applied decoration; height: 61 cm, diameter: 55.8 cm

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  Dogū with "snow-goggle" eyes, 1000–400 BCE

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  6th-century haniwa figure

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  Kongo Rishiki (Guardian Deity) at the Central Gate of Hōryū-ji

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  Priest Ganjin (Jianzhen), Nara period, 8th century

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  Taishakuten Śakra, 839, Tō-ji

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  Dainichi Nyorai by Unkei, 1176, at Enjō-ji

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  Tsuba sword fitting with a "Rabbit Viewing the Autumn Moon", bronze, gold and silver, between 1670 and 1744

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  Izumiya Tomotada, netsuke in the form of a dog, late 18th century

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  Eagle by Suzuki Chokichi, 1892, Tokyo National Museum

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  Yamada Chōzaburō, Wind God in repoussé iron, c. 1915

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  The "Dancing Girl" of Mohenjo-daro, 3rd or 2nd millennium BCE (replica)

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  Ashoka Pillar, Vaishali, Bihar, c. 250 BCE

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  Stupa gateway at Sanchi, c. 100 CE or perhaps earlier, with densely packed reliefs

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  Buddha from Sarnath, 5th–6th century CE

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  The Colossal trimurti at the Elephanta Caves

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  Rock-cut temples at Ellora

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  Jain shrine with Rishabhanatha, Parshvanatha, Neminatha, and Mahavira, 6th century

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  Hindu, Chola period, 1000

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  Typical medieval frontal standing statue of Vishnu, 950–1150

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  Marble Sculpture of female yakshi in typical curving pose, c. 1450, Rajasthan

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  Gopuram of the Thillai Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, densely packed with rows of painted statues

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  Sculpture of Guardian at the entrance of the Mandapam of Sri Jalagandeeswarar Temple, Vellore, Tamil Nadu

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  Relief sculpture from Borobudur temple, Indonesia, c. 760–830

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  Vairocana Buddha from Borobudur temple, Indonesia, c. 760–830

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  One of the Anitist Maitum anthropomorphic pottery from Sarangani, Philippines c. 5 BC-370 AD

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  Bronze Avalokiteshvara from Bidor, Perak, Malaysia, c. 8th-9th century

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  The Anitist Agusan image from Agusan del Sur, Philippines, 9th-10th century

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  Vishnu from Prasat Rup Arak, Kulen, Khmer art, Cambodia, c. 800–875

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  An Anitist sarimanok sculpture from Lanao, Philippines

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  Head of Jayavarman VII, Khmer art, Cambodia, c. late 12th century

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  Buddha in Ananda Temple, Bagan, Myanmar, c. 1105

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  Stone bas-relief of apsaras from Bayon temple, Cambodia, c. 1200

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  Prajnaparamita Singhasari art, East Java, Indonesia, c. 13th century

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  An Islamic sculture of a buraq, southern Philippines

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  Phra Achana, Wat Si Chum, Big Buddha image in Sukhothai, Thailand, c. 14th century

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  "the Buddha calling the earth to witness", The Buddha's hands are in the bhūmisparsa mudrā (subduing Māra) position. Ho Phra Kaeo temple, Vientiane, Laos

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  The Mshatta Facade, from a palace near Damascus, 740s

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  The Pisa Griffin, 107 cm high, probably 11th century

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  Part of a 15th-century ceramic panel from Samarkand with white calligraphy on a blue arabesque background.

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  Mughal dagger with hilt in jade, gold, rubies and emeralds. Blade of damascened steel inlaid with gold.

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  Nok terracotta, 6th century BCE–6th century CE

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  Ife head, terracotta, probably 12–14th centuries CE

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  Yoruba bronze head sculpture, Ife, Nigeria c. 12th century

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  Sculpture of a 'Queen Mother' from Benin, 16th century.

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  16th-century ivory mask from Benin

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  One of the Benin Bronzes, 16th–18th century, Nigeria.

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  Mask from Burkina Faso, 19th century

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  Mambila figure, Nigeria

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  Stone statue from Addi-Galamo, Tigray Province, 6th–5th century BCE

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  A jar spout from the early Kingdom of Aksum

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  The Obelisk of Axum, 4th century CE

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  A processional cross, Zagwe dynasty, 12th century

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  One of the seven life-size saints carved into the wall of the Church of Bet Golgotha, Lalibela, 15th century (traditionally believed to have been made during the reign of Gebre Mesqel Lalibela)

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  A ceramic jug of the Kerma culture

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  A shabti of the Nubian King Taharqa, from a pyramid of Nuri, Sudan, Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt, 690–664 BCE

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  Statue of the Kushite Pharaoh Aspelta, Napata period (c. 620–580 BCE)

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  Column and elephant - part of the temple complex in Musawwarat es-Sufra, 3rd century BCE

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  Traces of paint on a relief depicting Prince Arikhankharer smiting his enemies, from the Meroitic period of the Kingdom of Kush, early 1st century CE

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  Relief of a ruler, a Candace of Meroë named Kandake Amanitore, 1st century CE

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  Olmec Baby Figure 1200-900 BCE

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  Olmec Jadeite Mask 1000–600 BCE

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  Olmec Colossal Head No. 3 1200–900 BCE

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  La Mojarra Stela 1 2nd century CE

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  Chalchiuhtlicue from Teotihuacán 200–500 CE

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  Teotihuacan mask 200–600 CE

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  Teotihuacan- Detail of the Temple of the Feathered Serpent 200–250 CE

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  A funerary urn in the shape of a "bat god" or a jaguar, Oaxaca, 300–650 CE

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  Moche portrait vessel with stirrup spout, Peru, 100 BCE–700 CE

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  K'inich Janaab Pakal I of Palenque, Maya, 603–683 CE

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  Ahkal Mo' Naab III Of Palenque, 8th century CE

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  Upakal K'inich 8th century CE, Palenque

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  Jaina Island type figure (Mayan) 650–800 CE

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  Classic Veracruz culture face 600–900 CE

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  Atlante from Tula, c. 1000 CE

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  Double-headed serpent, Turquoise, red and white mosaic on wood, Aztec (possibly) Mixtec, c. 1400–1521,

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  Gutzon Borglum and his son, Lincoln Borglum, Mount Rushmore, 1927–1941. L–R, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln.

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  Robert Gould Shaw Memorial by Augustus Saint-Gaudens, 1884–1897, plaster version

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  Lee Lawrie, The Sower, 1928 Art Deco relief on Beaumont Tower, Michigan State University

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  Daniel Chester French, Abraham Lincoln (1920) in the Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C.

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  The K'alyaan Totem Pole of the Tlingit Kiks.ádi Clan, erected at Sitka National Historical Park to commemorate the lives lost in the 1804 Battle of Sitka

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  Frederic Remington, The Bronco Buster, 1895, cast 1918. Metropolitan Museum of Art

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  Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Buffalo Bill - The Scout, 1924, commemorating Buffalo Bill in Cody, Wyoming

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  Amedeo Modigliani, Female Head, 1911–12, Metropolitan Museum of Art

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  Constantin Brâncuși, Portrait of Mademoiselle Pogany, 1912, white marble; limestone block, Philadelphia Museum of Art. Exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show

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  Otto Gutfreund, Cellist, 1912–13

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  Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917

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  Jacob Epstein, Day and Night, carved for the London Underground's headquarters, 1928.

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  Mieczysław Kotarbiński, Coat of arms of Poland, basalt relief in Art Deco style, Warsaw, 1931.

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  Käthe Kollwitz, The Grieving Parents, 1932, World War I memorial (for her son Peter), Vladslo German war cemetery

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  Jacques Lipchitz, Birth of the Muses, 1944–1950

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  Barbara Hepworth, Monolith-Empyrean, 1953

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  John Chamberlain, S, 1959, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC.

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  Henry Moore, Three Piece Reclining figure No.1, 1961, Yorkshire

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  Pablo Picasso, Chicago Picasso, 1967, Chicago, Illinois

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  George Rickey, Four Squares in Geviert, 1969, terrace of the New National Gallery, Berlin, Germany, Rickey is considered a Kinetic sculptor

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  Alexander Calder, Crinkly avec disc rouge, 1973, Schlossplatz, Stuttgart

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  Louise Nevelson, Atmosphere and Environment XII, 1970–1973, Philadelphia Museum of Art

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  Sir Anthony Caro, Black Cover Flat, 1974, steel, Tel Aviv Museum of Art

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  Joan Miró, Woman and Bird, 1982, Barcelona, Spain

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  Louise Bourgeois, Maman, 1999, outside Museo Guggenheim

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  Tony Smith, Free Ride, 1962, 6'8 x 6'8 x 6'8 (the height of a standard US door opening), Museum of Modern Art, New York

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  Larry Bell, Untitled 1964, bismuth, chromium, gold, and rhodium on gold-plated brass; Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

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  Donald Judd, Untitled 1977, Münster, Germany

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  Richard Serra, Fulcrum 1987, 55 ft high free standing sculpture of Cor-ten steel near Liverpool Street station, London

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  Donald Judd, Untitled, 1991, Israel Museum Art Garden, Jerusalem

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  Richard Long, South Bank Circle, 1991 Tate Liverpool, England

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  Jean-Yves Lechevallier, Fettered wing. 1991

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  Anish Kapoor, Turning the World Upside Down, Israel Museum, 2010

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  Rachel Whiteread, Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial, Vienna, 2000

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  Guardians of Time, light sculpture by Manfred Kielnhofer at the Light Art Biennale Austria 2010

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  The Spire of Dublin officially titled the Monument of Light, stainless steel, 121.2 metres (398 feet), the world's tallest sculpture

See also

In Spanish: Escultura para niños