October 22 facts for kids

October 22 is a special day in history! Many important events have happened, and many famous people were born or passed away on this date. Let's explore some of these moments together.

October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 70 days remain until the end of the year.

Historical Events on October 22

Ancient Times and Middle Ages

• 451 – An important meeting called the Council of Chalcedon adopted the Chalcedonian Creed. This was a statement about the nature of Jesus, saying he was both divine (like God) and human.
• 794 – Emperor Kanmu moved the capital city of Japan to Heian-kyō. Today, this city is known as Kyoto.
• 906 – A leader named Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh led a raid against the Byzantine Empire. They captured many people, around 4,000 to 5,000.
• 1383 – King Fernando of Portugal passed away. This meant his family line, the Portuguese House of Burgundy, ended for male heirs. His daughter Beatrice was the only one left. This led to a period of civil war in Portugal.

From the 1600s to the 1900s

• 1633 – The Ming dynasty in China won a big naval battle against the Dutch East India Company in the Battle of Liaoluo Bay.
• 1707 – Four British navy ships crashed near the Isles of Scilly because of bad navigation. This led to the creation of the first Longitude Act in 1714, which aimed to improve navigation at sea.
• 1721 – After defeating Sweden in the Great Northern War, Tsar Peter I declared the start of the Russian Empire.
• 1739 – The War of Jenkins' Ear began with an attack on La Guaira. This war was fought between Britain and Spain.
• 1746 – The College of New Jersey received its official charter. This college later became the famous Princeton University.
• 1777 – During the American Revolutionary War, American soldiers at Fort Mercer successfully defended against attacks from Hessian forces in the Battle of Red Bank.
• 1784 – Russia started a new colony on Kodiak Island in Alaska.
• 1790 – In the Northwest Indian War, Native American forces defeated the United States army, ending the Harmar campaign.
• 1797 – André-Jacques Garnerin made the first recorded parachute jump! He jumped from about 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) above Paris.
• 1836 – Sam Houston became the very first President of the Republic of Texas.
• 1859 – Spain declared war on Morocco.
• 1866 – People in Veneto and Mantua voted to officially join Italy. This happened three days after they were annexed.
• 1875 – The first telegraph connection in Argentina started working. This was a big step for communication!
• 1877 – A terrible mining accident happened in Blantyre, Scotland. The Blantyre mining disaster killed 207 miners.
• 1878 – The Bramall Lane stadium hosted the first rugby match ever played under bright floodlights.
• 1879 – The famous inventor Thomas Edison tested the first practical electric light bulb. It used a special carbonized thread and lasted for 13 and a half hours.
• 1883 – The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opened its doors. The first performance was Gounod's Faust.
• 1884 – The International Meridian Conference decided that the Royal Observatory, Greenwich would be the world's prime meridian. This is the line of longitude from which all other longitudes are measured.
• 1895 – A train in Paris derailed after going too fast. It crashed through a wall and fell 10 meters (33 feet) to the road below.

The 1900s and Beyond

• 1907 – A financial panic started when many people tried to withdraw their money from the Knickerbocker Trust Company. This led to the Panic of 1907.
• 1910 – Hawley Harvey Crippen was found guilty of poisoning his wife. He was the first criminal ever caught with the help of radio technology.
• 1923 – A royalist attempt to overthrow the government in Greece failed. This event, known as the Leonardopoulos–Gargalidis coup d'état attempt, made the idea of a monarchy less popular and helped lead to the Second Hellenic Republic.
• 1934 – In East Liverpool, Ohio, FBI agents shot and killed the well-known bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd.
• 1936 – Dod Orsborne, captain of the ship Girl Pat, was found guilty of stealing it. The ship's disappearance had caused a lot of excitement in the news.
• 1941 – During World War II, French resistance member Guy Môquet and 29 other hostages were executed by German forces. This was in response to the death of a German officer.
• 1943 – World War II: The RAF (Royal Air Force) carried out a major air raid on Kassel, Germany. This was the second "firestorm" raid on the city. About 10,000 people died, and 150,000 lost their homes.
• 1946 – Over 2,200 engineers and technicians from eastern Germany were forced to move to the Soviet Union. Their families and equipment also had to go. This was part of Operation Osoaviakhim.
• 1947 – The Kashmir conflict began between India and Pakistan. This started shortly after India was divided into two separate countries.
• 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: President Kennedy announced that American spy planes had found Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba. He ordered a naval "quarantine" (blockade) of Cuba to stop more weapons from arriving.
• 1963 – A new BAC One-Eleven prototype airplane crashed in the UK, and everyone on board died.
• 1964 – Jean-Paul Sartre was offered the Nobel Prize in Literature, but he chose to turn down the award.
• 1964 – A special committee in the Canadian Parliament chose the design for what would become the new official flag of Canada.
• 1975 – The Soviet uncrewed space mission Venera 9 successfully landed on the planet Venus.
• 1976 – The US Food and Drug Administration banned Red Dye No. 4. This was because it was found to cause tumors in the bladders of dogs.
• 1981 – The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority voted to remove the official recognition of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO). This happened because of their strike the previous August.
• 1987 – The opera Nixon in China by John Adams had its first performance.
• 1999 – Maurice Papon, who was an official in the Vichy government during World War II, was sent to jail for crimes against humanity.
• 2005 – Tropical Storm Alpha formed in the Atlantic Ocean. This made the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season the most active ever until it was surpassed by the 2020 season.
• 2005 – Bellview Airlines Flight 210 crashed in Nigeria, and all 117 people on board died.
• 2006 – Voters in Panama approved a plan to expand the Panama Canal in a national vote. About 77.8% of voters said yes.
• 2007 – Twenty-one Tamil Tiger commandos carried out a raid on Anuradhapura Air Force Base. Eight Sri Lanka Air Force planes were destroyed, and ten were damaged. Most of the commandos died in the attack.
• 2008 – India launched its first uncrewed mission to the Moon, called Chandrayaan-1.
• 2012 – Cyclist Lance Armstrong was officially stripped of his seven Tour de France titles. This happened after he was found guilty of doping.
• 2013 – The Australian Capital Territory became the first part of Australia to make same-sex marriage legal with the Marriage Equality (Same Sex) Act 2013.

Famous Births on October 22

Born Before the 1600s

• 955 – Qian Weijun, who was a king of Wuyue. (d. 991)
• 1071 – William IX, Duke of Aquitaine. (d. 1126)
• 1197 – Juntoku, a Japanese emperor. (d. 1242)
• 1511 – Erasmus Reinhold, a German astronomer and mathematician. (d. 1553)
• 1587 – Joachim Jungius, a German mathematician and philosopher. (d. 1657)

Born Between 1601 and 1900

• 1689 – John V, a Portuguese king. (d. 1750)
• 1781 – Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France. (d. 1789)
• 1811 – Franz Liszt, a famous Hungarian pianist and composer. (d. 1886)
• 1844 – Sarah Bernhardt, a well-known French actress and manager. (d. 1923)
• 1844 – Louis Riel, a Canadian scholar and politician. (d. 1885)
• 1870 – Ivan Bunin, a Russian author and poet who won the Nobel Prize in Literature. (d. 1953)
• 1879 – N. C. Wyeth, an American painter and illustrator. (d. 1945)
• 1881 – Clinton Davisson, an American physicist who won a Nobel Prize. (d. 1958)
• 1887 – John Reed, an American journalist and poet. (d. 1920)
• 1894 – Mei Lanfang, a famous Chinese actor and singer. (d. 1961)

Born in the 1900s and 2000s

• 1903 – George Wells Beadle, an American geneticist who won a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. (d. 1989)
• 1903 – Curly Howard, an American comedian and vaudevillian, famous from The Three Stooges. (d. 1952)
• 1907 – Jimmie Foxx, an American baseball player. (d. 1967)
• 1913 – Robert Capa, a Hungarian-American photographer and journalist. (d. 1954)
• 1913 – Bảo Đại, the last Vietnamese emperor. (d. 1997)
• 1915 – Yitzhak Shamir, an Israeli politician who became the 7th Prime Minister of Israel. (d. 2012)
• 1917 – Joan Fontaine, a British-American actress. (d. 2013)
• 1919 – Doris Lessing, a British novelist and poet who won the Nobel Prize in Literature. (d. 2013)
• 1920 – Timothy Leary, an American psychologist and author. (d. 1996)
• 1921 – Georges Brassens, a French singer-songwriter. (d. 1981)
• 1929 – Lev Yashin, a legendary Russian footballer. (d. 1990)
• 1931 – Ann Rule, an American police officer and author. (d. 2015)
• 1938 – Derek Jacobi, an English actor.
• 1938 – Christopher Lloyd, an American actor, famous for Back to the Future.
• 1939 – Joaquim Chissano, a Mozambican politician who became the 2nd President of Mozambique.
• 1942 – Annette Funicello, an American actress and singer. (d. 2013)
• 1943 – Catherine Deneuve, a French actress and singer.
• 1946 – Deepak Chopra, an Indian-American physician and author.
• 1949 – Arsène Wenger, a French footballer and manager, well-known in soccer.
• 1952 – Jeff Goldblum, an American actor and producer.
• 1959 – Marc Shaiman, an American composer and songwriter.
• 1962 – Bob Odenkirk, an American actor and comedian.
• 1963 – Brian Boitano, an American figure skater.
• 1964 – Dražen Petrović, a Croatian basketball player. (d. 1993)
• 1964 – TobyMac, an American singer-songwriter and producer.
• 1968 – Shaggy, a Jamaican singer-songwriter and DJ.
• 1969 – Spike Jonze, an American director and producer.
• 1970 – Javier Milei, an Argentine politician and economist.
• 1973 – Ichiro Suzuki, a Japanese baseball player.
• 1975 – Jesse Tyler Ferguson, an American actor.
• 1979 – Doni, a Brazilian footballer.
• 1982 – Robinson Canó, a Dominican baseball player.
• 1985 – Hadise, a Belgian-Turkish singer-songwriter.
• 1985 – Zac Hanson, an American singer and drummer, from the band Hanson.
• 1988 – Parineeti Chopra, an Indian actress.
• 1992 – 21 Savage, a British-American rapper.
• 1992 – Sofia Vassilieva, an American actress.
• 1996 – B.I, a South Korean singer-songwriter.
• 1998 – Roddy Ricch, an American rapper.
• 2000 – Baby Keem, an American rapper and record producer.
• 2004 – Stefan Bajcetic, a Spanish footballer.

Notable Deaths on October 22

Passed Away Before the 1600s

• 741 – Charles Martel, a powerful Frankish king. (b. 688)
• 1383 – Ferdinand I of Portugal, a Portuguese king. (b. 1345)

Passed Away Between 1601 and 1900

• 1751 – William IV, Prince of Orange. (b. 1711)
• 1853 – Juan Antonio Lavalleja, a Uruguayan general and politician who was a President of Uruguay. (b. 1784)
• 1859 – Louis Spohr, a German violinist and composer. (b. 1784)
• 1883 – Thomas Mayne Reid, an Irish-American soldier and author. (b. 1818)

Passed Away in the 1900s and 2000s

• 1906 – Paul Cézanne, a famous French painter. (b. 1839)
• 1917 – Bob Fitzsimmons, an English-American boxer. (b. 1863)
• 1928 – Andrew Fisher, a Scottish-Australian politician who was the 5th Prime Minister of Australia. (b. 1862)
• 1934 – Pretty Boy Floyd, an American gangster. (b. 1904)
• 1941 – Guy Môquet, a French militant. (b. 1924)
• 1954 – Jibanananda Das, a Bangladeshi-Indian author and poet. (b. 1899)
• 1973 – Pablo Casals, a famous Catalan cellist and conductor. (b. 1876)
• 1979 – Nadia Boulanger, a French composer and educator. (b. 1887)
• 1986 – Ye Jianying, a Chinese general and politician. (b. 1897)
• 1986 – Albert Szent-Györgyi, a Hungarian-American physiologist who won a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. (b. 1893)
• 1987 – Lino Ventura, an Italian-French actor. (b. 1919)
• 1995 – Kingsley Amis, an English novelist and poet. (b. 1922)
• 2002 – Richard Helms, an American intelligence agent who was the 8th Director of Central Intelligence. (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Arman, a French-American painter and sculptor. (b. 1928)
• 2007 – Ève Curie, a French pianist and journalist. (b. 1904)
• 2009 – Soupy Sales, an American comedian and actor. (b. 1926)
• 2011 – Sultan bin Abdulaziz, a Saudi Arabian prince. (b. 1930)
• 2017 – George Young, an Australian musician and songwriter. (b. 1946)
• 2021 – Peter Scolari, an American actor. (b. 1955)

Holidays and Observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Aaron the Illustrious (Syriac Orthodox Church)
  • Abercius of Hieropolis
  • Bertharius
  • Cordula
  • Donatus of Fiesole
  • Marcus of Jerusalem
  • Mary Salome
  • Mellonius of Rouen
  • Nunilo and Alodia
  • Pope John Paul II
  • Theodoret of Antioch
  • October 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which Labour Day can fall, while October 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Monday in October (New Zealand)
• Fechner Day (International observance)
• International Stuttering Awareness Day
• Jidai Matsuri (Kyoto, Japan)
• National Santri Day (Indonesia)
• Wombat Day (Australia)

See also

In Spanish: 22 de octubre para niños