April 19 is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 256 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
Up to 1900
- 69 - Vitellius is accepted as Roman Emperor.
- 531 - Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Ar-Raqaah, Syria.
- 1529 - Protestant Reformation: Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism.
- 1587 - English seafarer Francis Drake attacks a Spanish fleet in Cadiz harbor.
- 1689 - Amalienborg castle in Denmark is destroyed by fire.
- 1770 - James Cook sights the East coast of Australia.
- 1770 – Marie Antoinette marries the future King Louis XVI of France.
- 1775 – The American Revolutionary War begins at Lexington, Massachusetts.
- 1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent state.
- 1809 - An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn.
- 1810 - Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparan, Governor of the Captaincy General, is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
- 1839 - The Treaty of London creates Belgium fully as a kingdom, also separating Luxembourg from Belgium.
- 1861 - American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861 - A Pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, Maryland, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
- 1865 - The funeral of Abraham Lincoln takes place in the East Room of the White House in Washington, DC.
- 1882 – Charles Darwin dies aged 73.
- 1892 - Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile across the United States.
- 1897 – The first Boston Marathon takes place.
- 1897 - Jiroemon Kimura, the oldest man ever, is born in Japan.
1901 – 2000
- 1902 - A magnitude 7.5 earthquake strikes Guatemala, killing 2,000 people.
- 1903 - The Kishinev pogrom begins in present-day Moldova, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western World.
- 1904 – A fire in Toronto destroys 104 buildings.
- 1943 – Holocaust: German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto.
- 1945 – The Soviet Union and Guatemala establish diplomatic relations.
- 1948 – Burma joins the UN.
- 1950 - Argentina signs the Buenos Aires Convention.
- 1951 – Douglas MacArthur retires from the US military.
- 1954 - The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan recognizes Urdu and Bengali as the country's official languages.
- 1956 – Prince Rainier III of Monaco marries Hollywood actress Grace Kelly.
- 1960 - Students in South Korea hold a nationwide democracy protest against President Rhee Syng-man, who resigns a week later.
- 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a Republic, with Siaka Stevens as President.
- 1971 - Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
- 1975 - India's first satellite, Aryabhata, is launched.
- 1984 - Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold become the official national colors.
- 1985 - The Soviet Union carries out nuclear tests in eastern Kazakhstan.
- 1987 – The Simpsons premiere on the Tracey Ullman Show.
- 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
- 1993 – The 51-day siege at the Branch Davidian compound in Waco, Texas, ends as fire breaks out, killing 82 cult members, including David Koresh.
- 1993 - George S. Mickelson, Governor of South Dakota, is killed along with six others, when an airplane crashes in Iowa.
- 1995 – Timothy McVeigh carries out the Oklahoma City bombing, killing 169 people.
- 1997 - Grand Forks, South Dakota, is overwhelmed by flooding from the Red River.
- 1998 - Thomas Klestil is elected to a second term as President of Austria.
- 1999 – The German Bundestag moves its seat to Berlin.
- 2000 - A Philippine Airlines Boeing 737-200 crashes on landing at the island of Sanal in the Philippines, killing all 131 people on board.
From 2001
Births
Up to 1800
- 1320 – King Peter I of Portugal (d. 1367)
- 1452 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1504)
- 1603 – Michel le Tellier, French statesman (d. 1685)
- 1605 - Antonio Bertali, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1669)
- 1613 - Christoph Bach, grandfather of Johann Sebastian Bach (d. 1661)
- 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (d. 1716)
- 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (d. 1721)
- 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman (d. 1750)
- 1721 – Roger Sherman, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
- 1721 – Thomas McKean, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1817)
- 1759 - August Wilhelm Iffland, German actor and dramatist (d. 1814)
- 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer (d. 1858)
- 1791 - William Orlando Butler, American politician (d. 1880)
- 1793 – Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
1801 – 1900
- 1832 – José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize winner (d. 1916)
- 1847 - Eva Gonzales, French painter (d. 1883)
- 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
- 1877 - Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor (d. 1934)
- 1882 – Getulio Vargas, President of Brazil (d. 1954)
- 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian mathematician (d. 1953)
- 1883 - Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
- 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer (d. 1983)
- 1894 - Elizabeth Dilling, American writer and activist (d. 1966)
- 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
- 1897 – Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
- 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese supercentenarian, world's oldest man and oldest man ever (d. 2013)
- 1899 – George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
- 1900 – Richard Hughes, English novelist (d. 1976)
- 1900 - Roland Michener, Governor-General of Canada (d. 1991)
- 1900 - Aleksandr Ptushko, Soviet-Russian movie director and screenwriter (d. 1973)
1901 – 1950
- 1902 - Veniamin Kaverin, Russian writer (d. 1989)
- 1903 – Eliot Ness, American lawman (d. 1957)
- 1912 – Glenn Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- 1914 - Ugo Poletti, Italian cardinal (d. 1997)
- 1920 - Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
- 1921 - Roberto Tucci, Italian cardinal
- 1922 – Erich Hartmann, fighter pilot with the most amount of kills (352) (d. 1993)
- 1924 – Werner Kohlmeyer, German footballer (d. 1974)
- 1925 – Hugh O'Brian, American actor
- 1928 - Azlan Shah of Perak, 9th Yang-di Pertuan Agong (Head of State) of Malaysia and Sultan of Perak (d. 2014)
- 1928 – Alexis Korner, musician (d. 1984)
- 1930 – Dick Sargent, actor (d. 1994)
- 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor
- 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d. 1967)
- 1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricket umpire
- 1934 – Jean Ziegler, Swiss sociologist and politician
- 1934 - Ox Baker, American wrestler and actor (d. 2014)
- 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, musician, comedian, composer (d. 2002)
- 1935 - Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
- 1936 – Wilfried Martens, former Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
- 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
- 1937 – Joseph Estrada, actor and former President of the Philippines
- 1937 - Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author
- 1940 - Dougal Haston, Scottish mountaineer (d. 1977)
- 1940 - Genya Ravan, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1941 - Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer and composer
- 1941 - Alan Price, English musician
- 1941 - Michel Roux, French-British chef and restaurateur
- 1942 – Frank Elstner, German entertainer
- 1943 - Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)
- 1943 - Lorenzo Sanz, Spanish businessman
- 1944 – James Heckman, American economist, Nobel Prize
- 1944 – Bernie Worrell, keyboardist (P Funk)
- 1946 – Tim Curry, British actor
- 1946 - Mary Jo Slater, American casting director and producer
- 1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist
- 1949 – Joachim Sauer, husband of German Chancellor Angela Merkel
- 1949 – Paloma Picasso, designer, daughter of Pablo Picasso
1951 – 1975
- 1951 – Joannes Eidesgaard, former Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
- 1952 – Alexis Arguello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (d. 2009)
- 1953 - Sara Simeoni, Italian athlete
- 1953 – Ruby Wax, American-born British television personality
- 1954 - Trevor Francis, English footballer
- 1956 – Sue Barker, British tennis player and television presenter
- 1956 - Randy Carlyle, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1957 - Tony Martin, English singer and musician
- 1958 - Denis O'Brien, Irish businessman
- 1960 - Nicoletta Braschi, Italian actress and producer
- 1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian musician, composer and musical producer
- 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player
- 1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer
- 1962 – Al Unser, Jr., race car driver
- 1963 - Mika Kojonskoski, Finnish ski jumper
- 1964 - Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer and coach
- 1965 – Suge Knight, record producer
- 1965 - Natalie Dessay, French soprano
- 1967 - Philippe Sainte-André, French rugby player and coach
- 1967 – Steven H Silver, science fiction editor
- 1967 – Dar Williams, American musician and songwriter
- 1968 – Mswati III, King of Swaziland
- 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress
- 1968 - Arshad Warsi, Indian actor, singer and producer
- 1968 - Pascal Kleiman, Spanish DJ, producer and songwriter
- 1969 - Susan Polgar, Hungarian-American chess player
- 1970 – Kelly Holmes, British athlete, double Olympic champion
- 1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer
- 1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
- 1972 - Django Asül, German actor and comedian
- 1973 - Alessandro Preziosi, Italian actor
- 1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer
From 1976
- 1976 - Scott Padgett, American basketball player, coach and radio host
- 1978 – James Franco, American actor
- 1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentine footballer
- 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress
- 1979 - Zhao Junzhe, Chinese footballer
- 1980 - Jason Blaine, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1980 - Robyn Regehr, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor
- 1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, actress
- 1981 - James Hibberd, English cricketer
- 1981 – Ryuta Hara, Japanese footballer
- 1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss footballer
- 1986 - Heather Kuzmich, American model
- 1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer
- 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
- 1987 - Lauren Wilson, Canadian figure skater
- 1988 - Haruna Kojima, Japanese actress and singer (AKB48)
- 1989 – Daisuke Watabe, Japanese footballer
- 1990 - Damien Le Tallec, French footballer
- 1994 - Lee Areum, South Korean singer
Deaths
Up to 1900
- 1012 - Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 954)
- 1054 – Pope Leo IX (b. 1002)
- 1321 - Patriarch Gerasimus I of Constantinople
- 1390 – King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
- 1560 - Philipp Melanchthon, German humanist and reformer (b. 1497)
- 1578 - Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
- 1588 - Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
- 1608 - Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (b. 1536)
- 1689 – Christina of Sweden (b. 1626)
- 1733 - Elizabeth Villiers, mistress to William III of England (b. 1655)
- 1768 – Canaletto, Italian artist (b. 1697)
- 1791 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (b. 1723)
- 1824 – Lord Byron, English poet (b. 1788)
- 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
- 1882 – Charles Darwin, British naturalist (b. 1809)
1901 – 2000
- 1906 – Pierre Curie, French scientist (b. 1859)
- 1906 - Spencer Gore, British tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
- 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American philosopher (b. 1838)
- 1916 - Ephraim Shay, American engineer (b. 1839)
- 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
- 1950 - Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (b. 1886)
- 1958 - Artur Kukk, Estonian wrestler (b. 1899)
- 1966 – Javier Solis, Mexican singer (b. 1931)
- 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
- 1974 – Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan (b. 1907)
- 1988 - Kwon Ki-ok, first female pilot in Korea (b. 1901)
- 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, British writer (b. 1907)
- 1991 - Stanley Hawes, British-Australian producer, director and administrator (b. 1905)
- 1992 - Frankie Howerd, British comedian and actor (b. 1917)
- 1993 – David Koresh, American cult leader (b. 1959)
- 1993 - George S. Mickelson, 28th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
- 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican writer (b. 1914)
From 2001
- 2001 - Meldrim Thomson, Jr., 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1912)
- 2004 – Norris McWhirter, co-founder of the Guinness Book of World Records (b. 1925)
- 2004 – John Maynard Smith, British theoretical evolutionary biologist (b. 1920)
- 2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
- 2006 - Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot and astronaut (b. 1921)
- 2007 - Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
- 2008 - Germaine Tillion, French anthropologist and Resistance activist (b. 1907)
- 2009 – J. G. Ballard, British writer (b. 1930)
- 2010 – Guru, American rapper (b. 1961)
- 2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, British actress (b. 1948)
- 2011 – Grete Waitz, Norwegian marathon runner (b. 1953)
- 2012 - Valeri Vasiliev, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
- 2012 - Levon Helm, American musician and actor (b. 1940)
- 2013 - Francois Jacob, French biologist (b. 1920)
- 2013 - Al Neuharth, American journalist, author and publisher (b. 1924)
- 2014 - Frits Thors, Dutch journalist (b. 1909)
- 2014 - Mimi Kok, Dutch actress (b. 1934)
- 2014 - Sonia Silvestre, Dominican singer (b. 1952)
- 2014 - Luciano do Valle, Brazilian sports commentator (b. 1947)
- 2015 - Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi (b. 1915)
- 2015 - Tom McCabe, Scottish politician (b. 1954)
- 2015 - Uche Chukwumerije, Nigerian politician (b. 1939)
Observances
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