January 9 facts for kids

January 9 is the ninth day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 356 days remain until the end of the year (357 in leap years).

Today, January 9th, is a day filled with many interesting events throughout history! From important inventions and discoveries to major political changes and natural disasters, people around the world have experienced a lot on this date. Let's explore some of the most notable moments, births, and deaths that happened on January 9th.

Events

Historical Moments Before 1900

• 1127 – During the Jin–Song Wars, soldiers from the Jin dynasty attacked and took over Kaifeng, the capital city of China's Song Dynasty. They captured Emperor Qinzong of Song, which ended the Northern Song dynasty.
• 1431 – The famous trial of Joan of Arc began in Rouen, France.
• 1693 – A huge earthquake hit parts of Sicily and Malta. Another quake followed on January 11th, and together they caused between 60,000 and 100,000 deaths.
• 1760 – Ahmad Shah Durrani defeated the Maratha army in the Battle of Barari Ghat in India.
• 1787 – In the Philippines, a well-known religious image called the Black Nazarene was moved to its current church, Quiapo Church. Millions of people celebrate this event every year with a large procession in Manila.
• 1788 – Connecticut became the fifth state to officially agree to the United States Constitution.
• 1792 – The Treaty of Jassy was signed between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, ending the Russo-Turkish War.
• 1793 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard made history by becoming the first person to fly a balloon in the United States.
• 1799 – William Pitt the Younger, the British Prime Minister, introduced an income tax to help pay for Great Britain's war efforts during the Napoleonic Wars.
• 1806 – Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson, a famous British naval hero, was given a special state funeral and buried in St Paul's Cathedral.
• 1816 – Humphry Davy tested his safety lamp for miners at a coal mine called Hebburn Colliery. This invention made mining much safer.
• 1822 – The Portuguese prince Pedro I of Brazil decided to stay in Brazil, going against the orders of the Portuguese King João VI. This decision started Brazil's journey to independence.
• 1839 – The French Academy of Sciences announced the Daguerreotype photography process, a big step forward in taking pictures.
• 1857 – The powerful 7.9 magnitude Fort Tejon earthquake shook Central and Southern California.
• 1861 – The "Star of the West" incident happened near Charleston, South Carolina, an important event leading up to the American Civil War.
• 1861 – Mississippi became the second state to leave the Union before the American Civil War began.
• 1878 – Umberto I became the King of Italy.

Modern Events (1901–present)

• 1909 – Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, planted the British flag about 180 kilometers (112 miles) from the South Pole. This was the farthest anyone had ever reached at that time.
• 1916 – World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli ended with a victory for the Ottoman Empire, as the last Allied forces left the peninsula.
• 1918 – The Battle of Bear Valley took place, which was the last battle of the American Indian Wars.
• 1923 – Juan de la Cierva made the first flight of an autogyro, a type of aircraft that uses a rotor to get lift, but is pushed forward by a propeller.
• 1927 – A fire at the Laurier Palace movie theatre in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, tragically killed 78 children.
• 1941 – World War II: The Avro Lancaster aircraft, a famous bomber, made its first flight.
• 1945 – World War II: The Sixth United States Army began the invasion of Lingayen Gulf in the Philippines.
• 1957 – Sir Anthony Eden, the British Prime Minister, resigned after failing to take back the Suez Canal from Egypt.
• 1960 – Gamal Abdel Nasser, the President of Egypt, started the construction of the Aswan Dam by setting off explosives to clear granite on the Nile River's east bank.
• 1962 – Apollo program: NASA announced plans to build the C-5 rocket, later known as the Saturn V, which would carry astronauts to the Moon.
• 1964 – Martyrs' Day: Young people in Panama tried to raise the Panamanian flag in the U.S.-controlled Panama Canal Zone. This led to fighting between U.S. military and Panamanian civilians.
• 1992 – Astronomers Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced the first discoveries of planets outside our solar system. They found two planets orbiting a pulsar star.
• 2007 – Apple CEO Steve Jobs introduced the very first iPhone at a big event in San Francisco.
• 2014 – An explosion at a chemical plant in Yokkaichi, Japan, killed at least five people and injured 17 others.
• 2021 – Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 crashes north of Jakarta, Indonesia, sadly killing all 62 people on board.

Births

Notable People Born Before 1900

• 1554 – Pope Gregory XV
• 1590 – Simon Vouet, a famous French painter.
• 1735 – John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, an English admiral and politician.
• 1773 – Cassandra Austen, an English painter and illustrator, and sister of Jane Austen.
• 1854 – Jennie Jerome, the American-born mother of Sir Winston Churchill.
• 1859 – Carrie Chapman Catt, an American activist who helped found the League of Women Voters.
• 1870 – Joseph Strauss, an American engineer who helped design the Golden Gate Bridge.
• 1875 – Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, an American sculptor and art collector who founded the Whitney Museum of American Art.
• 1890 – Karel Čapek, a Czech author and playwright who invented the word "robot."
• 1898 – Gracie Fields, a beloved English actress and singer.

Notable People Born After 1900

• 1908 – Simone de Beauvoir, a famous French philosopher and author.
• 1913 – Richard Nixon, the 37th President of the United States.
• 1914 – Kenny Clarke, an American jazz drummer and bandleader.
• 1922 – Har Gobind Khorana, an Indian-American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize.
• 1925 – Lee Van Cleef, an American actor known for Western films.
• 1935 – Bob Denver, an American actor famous for playing Gilligan in Gilligan's Island.
• 1939 – Susannah York, an English actress.
• 1941 – Joan Baez, an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist.
• 1944 – Jimmy Page, an English guitarist, songwriter, and producer, famous for being in Led Zeppelin.
• 1950 – Alec Jeffreys, an English geneticist who developed DNA fingerprinting.
• 1955 – J. K. Simmons, an American actor.
• 1956 – Imelda Staunton, an English actress and singer.
• 1959 – Rigoberta Menchú, a Guatemalan activist and politician who won the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 1965 – Muggsy Bogues, an American basketball player.
• 1965 – Joely Richardson, an English actress.
• 1967 – Dave Matthews, a South African-American singer-songwriter and guitarist.
• 1973 – Sean Paul, a Jamaican rapper and singer-songwriter.
• 1978 – Gennaro Gattuso, an Italian footballer and manager.
• 1982 – Catherine, Princess of Wales.
• 1987 – Paolo Nutini, a Scottish singer-songwriter.
• 1989 – Nina Dobrev, a Bulgarian-Canadian actress.
• 1995 – Nicola Peltz, an American actress.

Deaths

Notable People Who Died Before 1900

• 1450 – Adam Moleyns, Bishop of Chichester.
• 1514 – Anne of Brittany, who was queen of France twice.
• 1799 – Maria Gaetana Agnesi, an Italian mathematician and philosopher.
• 1848 – Caroline Herschel, a German-English astronomer.
• 1873 – Napoleon III, the first President of France.
• 1878 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, the first King of unified Italy.

Notable People Who Died After 1900

• 1908 – Wilhelm Busch, a German poet and illustrator.
• 1923 – Katherine Mansfield, a New Zealand novelist and short story writer.
• 1936 – John Gilbert, an American actor from the silent film era.
• 1961 – Emily Greene Balch, an American economist and academic who won the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 1979 – Pier Luigi Nervi, an Italian engineer and architect.
• 1995 – Peter Cook, an English actor and screenwriter.
• 1998 – Kenichi Fukui, a Japanese chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
• 2007 – Jean-Pierre Vernant, a French anthropologist and historian.
• 2013 – James M. Buchanan, an American economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economics.
• 2014 – Dale T. Mortensen, an American economist and academic who won the Nobel Prize in Economics.
• 2017 – Zygmunt Bauman, a Polish sociologist.
• 2022 – Bob Saget, an American comedian, actor, and television host.
• 2024 – Rashid Khan, a famous Indian classical musician.

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Adrian of Canterbury
  • Feast of the Black Nazarene (Manila, Philippines)
• Start of Hōonkō (Nishi Honganji) January 9–16 (Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism)
• Martyrs' Day (Panama)
• Non-Resident Indian Day (India)
• Day of Republika Srpska (Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina)

See also

In Spanish: 9 de enero para niños