July 10 facts for kids

July 10 is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 174 days remain until the end of the year.

July 10th is a day filled with many important events throughout history, from ancient Roman times to modern-day achievements. It's a day when empires rose, new lands were discovered, and significant changes happened around the world. Many famous people, including scientists, artists, and leaders, were also born or passed away on this date. Let's explore some of the most interesting moments and people connected to July 10th.

Historical Events on July 10th

Ancient Times and Early History

• 138 – Hadrian, a Roman Emperor, passed away near Naples. He was buried in Rome in a grand tomb next to his wife.
• 420 – Liu Yu became the Emperor of the Liu Song dynasty in China, starting a new ruling family.
• 988 – The city of Dublin in Ireland is thought to have been founded when the Norse King Glúniairn agreed to pay taxes to the High King of Ireland, Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill.
• 1086 – King Canute IV of Denmark was killed by rebellious peasants.
• 1212 – A huge fire destroyed most of the city of London.
• 1290 – Ladislaus IV, the King of Hungary, was killed at a castle.
• 1460 – In the Battle of Northampton, Richard Neville, a powerful English Earl, defeated the king's forces and captured King Henry VI.
• 1499 – The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returned to Lisbon. He had been with Vasco da Gama on the journey that found a sea route to India.
• 1512 – The Spanish began their conquest of Navarre by capturing Goizueta.
• 1519 – Zhu Chenhao started a rebellion against the Ming dynasty emperor, trying to take control of Nanjing.
• 1553 – Lady Jane Grey became the Queen of England.
• 1584 – William I of Orange, a Dutch leader, was assassinated in his home.

Events from the 17th to 19th Centuries

• 1645 – The Battle of Langport took place during the English Civil War.
• 1778 – During the American Revolution, King Louis XVI of France declared war on Great Britain.
• 1789 – Explorer Alexander Mackenzie reached the delta of the river named after him.
• 1806 – The Vellore Mutiny was the first time Indian soldiers rebelled against the British East India Company.
• 1832 – U.S. President Andrew Jackson stopped a bill that would have renewed the Second Bank of the United States.
• 1850 – Millard Fillmore became U.S. President, a day after the death of President Zachary Taylor.
• 1877 – The town of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, officially became a city.
• 1882 – In the War of the Pacific, Chile suffered a defeat when a small group of their soldiers was overwhelmed by a larger Peruvian force.
• 1883 – Later in the War of the Pacific, Chilean forces defeated the Peruvian army at the Battle of Huamachuco, helping to end the war.
• 1890 – Wyoming joined the United States as the 44th state.

Modern History: 20th and 21st Centuries

• 1920 – Arthur Meighen became the Prime Minister of Canada.
• 1924 – At the Paris Olympics, Paavo Nurmi won both the 1,500 and 5,000 meter races within an hour.
• 1925 – The famous "Monkey Trial" began in Tennessee. It was about John T. Scopes, a teacher accused of teaching evolution.
• 1927 – Kevin O'Higgins, a leader in the Irish Free State, was assassinated.
• 1938 – Howard Hughes started a 91-hour flight around the world, setting a new record.
• 1940 – During World War II, the Vichy government was formed in France.
• 1940 – Also in World War II, shipping attacks began against British convoys, leading up to the Battle of Britain.
• 1941 – A massacre of Polish Jews occurred in and near the village of Jedwabne.
• 1942 – In World War II, an American pilot found an intact Japanese fighter plane on Akutan Island. This "Akutan Zero" helped the US Navy learn about its flight abilities.
• 1943 – Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily, began during World War II.
• 1947 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah was suggested to be the first Governor-General of Pakistan.
• 1951 – During the Korean War, peace talks began at Kaesong.
• 1962 – Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, was launched into space.
• 1966 – The Chicago Freedom Movement, led by Martin Luther King Jr., held a large rally in Chicago with many attendees.
• 1973 – The Bahamas became fully independent from the United Kingdom.
• 1976 – Four mercenaries were executed in Angola after a trial.
• 1978 – The President of Mauritania, Moktar Ould Daddah, was removed from power in a peaceful coup.
• 1985 – The Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior was bombed and sunk in Auckland harbor by French agents, killing one person.
• 1985 – An Aeroflot plane crashed in Uzbekistan, killing all 200 people on board.
• 1991 – The South African cricket team was allowed back into the International Cricket Council after the end of Apartheid.
• 1991 – Boris Yeltsin became the first elected President of Russia.
• 1997 – Scientists in London reported DNA findings from a Neanderthal skeleton. This supported the idea that modern humans originated in Africa.
• 1999 – The U.S. women's soccer team won the Women's World Cup by defeating China in a penalty shootout. This game set a new world record for attendance at a women's sporting event.
• 2000 – EADS, a major aerospace company, was formed by the merger of several companies.
• 2000 – Bashar al-Assad became the President of Syria, following his father.
• 2002 – A painting by Peter Paul Rubens called The Massacre of the Innocents was sold for a very high price at an auction.
• 2007 – Erden Eruç began the first solo human-powered trip around the world.
• 2008 – A former Macedonian minister was found not guilty of war crimes by a United Nations court.
• 2011 – A Russian cruise ship, Bulgaria, sank in the Volga River, causing many deaths.
• 2011 – The British newspaper News of the World published its last issue and closed down after a phone hacking scandal.
• 2012 – The Episcopal Church USA allowed same-sex marriage.
• 2016 – Portugal won their first European Championship title by defeating France in the UEFA Euro 2016 Final.
• 2017 – The city of Mosul in Iraq was declared fully freed from the Islamic State group.
• 2018 – The Tham Luang cave rescue took place in Thailand, where a group of school children and their teacher were rescued from a cave.
• 2019 – The very last Volkswagen Beetle car was made in Mexico, marking the end of an era for the famous car.

Notable Births on July 10th

• 1451 – James III of Scotland, a Scottish king.
• 1509 – John Calvin, an important French pastor and theologian.
• 1830 – Camille Pissarro, a famous Danish-French painter.
• 1856 – Nikola Tesla, a brilliant Serbian-American physicist and engineer known for his work on electricity.
• 1871 – Marcel Proust, a well-known French novelist.
• 1875 – Mary McLeod Bethune, an American educator and activist who worked for civil rights.
• 1888 – Giorgio de Chirico, a Greek-Italian painter and set designer.
• 1895 – Carl Orff, a German composer and educator.
• 1902 – Kurt Alder, a German chemist who won the Nobel Prize.
• 1914 – Joe Shuster, a Canadian-American illustrator who helped create the superhero Superman.
• 1920 – Owen Chamberlain, an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize.
• 1921 – Harvey Ball, an American illustrator who created the Smiley face.
• 1921 – Eunice Kennedy Shriver, an American activist who helped start the Special Olympics.
• 1925 – Mahathir Mohamad, who served as the Prime Minister of Malaysia multiple times.
• 1931 – Alice Munro, a Canadian short story writer who won the Nobel Prize in Literature.
• 1942 – Ronnie James Dio, an American singer-songwriter.
• 1943 – Arthur Ashe, a famous American tennis player.
• 1947 – Arlo Guthrie, an American singer-songwriter.
• 1949 – Sunil Gavaskar, a legendary Indian cricketer.
• 1954 – Neil Tennant, an English singer-songwriter from the Pet Shop Boys.
• 1958 – Béla Fleck, a talented American banjo player.
• 1972 – Sofía Vergara, a Colombian-American actress.
• 1977 – Chiwetel Ejiofor, an English actor.
• 1980 – Jessica Simpson, an American singer and actress.

Notable Deaths on July 10th

• 138 – Hadrian, the Roman emperor.
• 649 – Tai Zong, a Chinese emperor.
• 983 – Benedict VII, a pope of the Catholic Church.
• 1086 – Canute IV, the king of Denmark.
• 1290 – Ladislaus IV, the king of Hungary.
• 1559 – Henry II, the king of France.
• 1584 – William I, a Dutch nobleman.
• 1851 – Louis Daguerre, a French photographer who invented the daguerreotype.
• 1884 – Paul Morphy, a famous American chess player.
• 1941 – Jelly Roll Morton, an American jazz pianist and bandleader.
• 1979 – Arthur Fiedler, a well-known American conductor.
• 1989 – Mel Blanc, an American voice actor famous for cartoon characters.
• 2015 – Omar Sharif, a famous Egyptian actor.
• 2020 – Jack Charlton, a well-known English footballer and manager.

Holidays and Observances

• Armed Forces Day (Mauritania)
• Christian feast day:
  • Amalberga of Maubeuge
  • Canute IV of Denmark
  • Rufina and Secunda
  • Seven Brothers
  • Victoria, Anatolia, and Audax
  • July 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Independence Day (Bahamas), celebrating when the Bahamas became independent from the United Kingdom in 1973.
• Nikola Tesla Day
• Statehood Day (Wyoming)

See also

In Spanish: 10 de julio para niños