November 10 facts for kids

November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 51 days remain until the end of the year. This page tells you about important events, famous people born, and notable people who died on this day in history. It's a day filled with many interesting moments from around the world!

Historical Events on This Day

Ancient Times and Middle Ages

• 474 – Emperor Leo II of the Byzantine Empire passes away after ruling for ten months. His father, Zeno, takes over as the sole ruler.
• 937 – In China, during the Ten Kingdoms period, Li Bian becomes the new ruler. He takes the throne from Emperor Yang Pu, and the Wu State is replaced by the Southern Tang kingdom.
• 1202 – The Fourth Crusade begins its attack on the city of Zara (now Zadar, Croatia). This happened even though Pope Innocent III had forbidden it.
• 1293 – Raden Wijaya is crowned the first king of the Majapahit kingdom on the island of Java. He takes the royal name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana.
• 1444 – At the Battle of Varna, the crusader army led by King Władysław III of Poland is defeated by the Turks under Sultan Murad II. King Władysław is killed in the battle.

From the 1600s to the 1800s

• 1659 – Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj, a great Maratha King, defeats Afzal Khan of the Adilshahi army in the famous Battle of Pratapgarh.
• 1674 – The Third Anglo-Dutch War ends. According to the Treaty of Westminster, the Netherlands gives New Netherland (which included New York) to England.
• 1702 – English colonists, led by James Moore, attack Spanish St. Augustine during Queen Anne's War.
• 1766 – William Franklin, the last colonial governor of New Jersey, signs the official document to create Queen's College. This college later became Rutgers University.
• 1775 – The United States Marine Corps is officially founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas.
• 1793 – During the French Revolution, the French Convention declares a "Goddess of Reason." This idea came from Pierre Gaspard Chaumette.
• 1821 – The "Cry of Independence" happens in La Villa de Los Santos, Panama. This event starts a revolt that leads to Panama's independence from Spain. Panama then joins Gran Colombia.
• 1847 – The passenger ship Stephen Whitney crashes in thick fog off the coast of Ireland. Ninety-two people out of 110 on board lose their lives. This sad event leads to the building of the Fastnet Rock lighthouse.
• 1871 – Explorer Henry Morton Stanley finds the missing explorer and missionary, David Livingstone, in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika. Stanley famously greets him with, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
• 1898 – The Wilmington insurrection of 1898 begins. This is the only time in United States history that a city government was overthrown.

The 1900s and Beyond

• 1918 – The Western Union Cable Office in North Sydney, Nova Scotia, receives a top-secret message from Europe. It says that on November 11, 1918, all fighting in World War I will stop.
• 1939 – Finnish author F. E. Sillanpää is awarded the prestigious Nobel Prize in Literature.
• 1940 – A strong earthquake hits Romania, causing great damage. About 1,000 people are killed, and around 4,000 are injured.
• 1942 – During World War II, Germany invades Vichy France. This happens after French Admiral François Darlan agrees to a ceasefire with the Allies in North Africa.
• 1944 – The ammunition ship USS Mount Hood explodes at Seeadler Harbour in the Admiralty Islands. At least 432 people are killed and 371 are injured.
• 1945 – Heavy fighting breaks out in Surabaya, Indonesia, between Indonesian nationalists and returning colonial forces after World War II. This day is now celebrated as Heroes' Day.
• 1946 – A large earthquake (magnitude 6.9) strikes the Peruvian Andes mountains. It kills at least 1,400 people.
• 1951 – With the new North American Numbering Plan, people in the United States can now make direct coast-to-coast telephone calls.
• 1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower officially opens the USMC War Memorial (also known as the Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington County, Virginia.
• 1958 – The famous Hope Diamond is given to the Smithsonian Institution by New York diamond merchant Harry Winston.
• 1969 – National Educational Television (which later became Public Broadcasting Service) in the United States launches its first episode of Sesame Street.
• 1970 – For the first time in five years during the Vietnam War, a whole week passes with no reports of American soldiers being killed in combat in Southeast Asia.
• 1970 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 17, an uncrewed space mission.
• 1971 – In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city of Phnom Penh and its airport. Forty-four people are killed, at least 30 are wounded, and nine aircraft are damaged.
• 1971 – A Merpati Nusantara Airlines plane crashes into the Indian Ocean near Padang, Indonesia. All 69 people on board die.
• 1972 – Southern Airways Flight 49 from Birmingham, Alabama is hijacked. At one point, the hijackers threaten to crash the plane into a nuclear facility. After two days, the plane lands in Havana, Cuba, where the hijackers are arrested.
• 1975 – The United Nations General Assembly passes Resolution 3379. This resolution states that Zionism is a form of racism.
• 1979 – A 106-car Canadian Pacific freight train carrying dangerous chemicals derails in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
• 1983 – Bill Gates introduces Windows 1.0, an early version of the popular computer operating system.
• 1989 – Longtime Bulgarian leader Todor Zhivkov is removed from his position and replaced by Petar Mladenov.
• 1989 – People in Germany begin to tear down the Berlin Wall, a symbol of division between East and West Germany.
• 1997 – WorldCom and MCI Communications announce a huge $37 billion merger. At the time, this was the largest merger in US history.
• 2002 – The Veteran's Day Weekend Tornado Outbreak occurs. This is a series of tornadoes from Northern Ohio to the Gulf Coast, one of the biggest outbreaks in November.
• 2006 – Nadarajah Raviraj, a Sri Lankan Tamil politician, is killed in Colombo.
• 2006 – The National Museum of the Marine Corps in Quantico, Virginia is opened. U.S. President George W. Bush announces that Marine Corporal Jason Dunham will receive the Medal of Honor after his death.
• 2008 – More than five months after landing on Mars, NASA declares the Phoenix mission over. Communication with the lander was lost.
• 2009 – Ships from the South and North Korean navies have a small fight, known as the Battle of Daecheong, off Daecheong Island in the Yellow Sea.
• 2019 – Evo Morales, the President of Bolivia, and several government officials resign. This follows 19 days of public protests and a recommendation from the military.
• 2020 – Armenia and Azerbaijan sign a ceasefire agreement, ending the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War. This agreement also leads to protests in Armenia.

Famous Birthdays

Born Before 1600

• 1433 – Charles the Bold, a powerful Duke of Burgundy.
• 1483 – Martin Luther, a German monk and priest. He was a key leader of the Protestant Reformation.
• 1520 – Dorothea of Denmark, Electress Palatine, a princess from Denmark, Sweden, and Norway.
• 1577 – Jacob Cats, a Dutch poet, lawyer, and politician.

Born 1601–1900

• 1668 – François Couperin, a French organist and composer.
• 1697 – William Hogarth, a famous English painter, illustrator, and critic.
• 1728 – Oliver Goldsmith, an Irish-English author, poet, and playwright.
• 1759 – Friedrich Schiller, a well-known German poet and playwright.
• 1810 – George Jennings, an English engineer who invented the flush toilet.
• 1845 – John Sparrow David Thompson, who became the 4th Prime Minister of Canada.
• 1868 – Gichin Funakoshi, a Japanese martial artist who founded Shotokan karate.
• 1888 – Andrei Tupolev, a Russian engineer who founded the Tupolev Design Bureau, known for aircraft.
• 1889 – Claude Rains, a famous English-American actor.
• 1895 – Jack Northrop, an American businessman who founded the Northrop Corporation, an aerospace company.

Born 1901–Present

• 1919 – Mikhail Kalashnikov, a Russian general and engineer. He designed the famous AK-47 rifle.
• 1925 – Richard Burton, a celebrated Welsh actor and singer.
• 1928 – Ennio Morricone, an Italian composer and conductor, known for his film scores.
• 1932 – Roy Scheider, an American actor, famous for roles like in Jaws.
• 1939 – Russell Means, an American activist, actor, and musician.
• 1944 – Tim Rice, an English lyricist and author, known for musicals.
• 1947 – Greg Lake, an English singer-songwriter and guitarist.
• 1948 – Shigesato Itoi, a Japanese video game designer who created EarthBound.
• 1955 – Roland Emmerich, a German director and producer, known for big-budget movies.
• 1956 – Sinbad, an American comedian and actor.
• 1960 – Neil Gaiman, an English author, illustrator, and screenwriter, known for fantasy works.
• 1963 – Hugh Bonneville, an English actor.
• 1963 – Mike Powell, an American long jumper who holds the world record.
• 1965 – Eddie Irvine, a Northern Irish race car driver.
• 1968 – Tracy Morgan, an American comedian and actor.
• 1969 – Jens Lehmann, a German footballer.
• 1969 – Ellen Pompeo, an American actress.
• 1970 – Warren G, an American rapper and producer.
• 1971 – Walton Goggins, an American actor and producer.
• 1977 – Brittany Murphy, an American actress and singer.
• 1978 – Diplo, an American DJ, songwriter, and producer.
• 1978 – Eve, an American rapper and producer.
• 1981 – Jason Dunham, an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor.
• 1983 – Miranda Lambert, an American country singer-songwriter.
• 1986 – Josh Peck, an American actor.
• 1989 – Taron Egerton, a Welsh actor.
• 1990 – Kristina Vogel, a German track cyclist.
• 1992 – Wilfried Zaha, an Ivorian footballer.
• 1994 – Zoey Deutch, an American actress.
• 1994 – Andre De Grasse, a Canadian sprinter.
• 1999 – Kiernan Shipka, an American actress.
• 2000 – Mackenzie Foy, an American actress and model.
• 2009 – Christian Convery, a Canadian actor.

Notable Deaths

Died Before 1600

• 461 – Pope Leo I, a significant leader of the Catholic Church.
• 474 – Leo II, a Byzantine emperor.
• 1241 – Pope Celestine IV, a Pope of the Catholic Church.
• 1444 – Władysław III of Poland, King of Poland and Hungary.
• 1549 – Pope Paul III, a Pope of the Catholic Church.

Died 1601–1900

• 1659 – Afzal Khan, an Indian commander.
• 1777 – Cornstalk, an American tribal chief.
• 1852 – Gideon Mantell, an English scientist.
• 1891 – Arthur Rimbaud, a French poet.

Died 1901–Present

• 1938 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first President of Turkey.
• 1975 – Ernest M. McSorley, the captain of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald.
• 1982 – Leonid Brezhnev, a powerful leader of the Soviet Union.
• 1992 – Chuck Connors, an American actor.
• 1995 – Ken Saro-Wiwa, a Nigerian author and activist.
• 2001 – Ken Kesey, an American novelist.
• 2006 – Jack Palance, an American actor.
• 2007 – Norman Mailer, an American novelist and essayist.
• 2009 – Robert Enke, a German footballer.
• 2010 – Dino De Laurentiis, an Italian-American film producer.
• 2015 – Helmut Schmidt, a former Chancellor of Germany.
• 2022 – Kevin Conroy, an American voice actor, widely known as the voice of Batman.

Holidays and Observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Adelin of Séez
  • Áed mac Bricc
  • Andrew Avellino
  • Baudolino
  • Elaeth
  • Grellan
  • Justus
  • Lübeck martyrs
  • Pope Leo I
  • Theoctiste
  • Tryphena of Rome
  • November 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Cry of Independence Day (Panama)
• Day of Remembrance of Atatürk (Turkey)
• Day of Russian Militsiya (Russia)
• Heroes Day (Indonesia) or Hari Pahlawan
• Martinisingen (Germany)
• United States Marine Corps birthday (United States)
• World Keratoconus Day

See also

In Spanish: 10 de noviembre para niños