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Timeline of Christianity facts for kids

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This timeline shows the history of Christianity from its start until today. Sometimes, a question mark next to a date means the exact year is not certain.

Most of the world uses the Gregorian calendar. This calendar has been used since 1582. It replaced the Julian calendar, which was not very accurate. The Gregorian calendar added leap years to make sure the year length was more correct.

The Gregorian calendar counts years from before or after the birth of Jesus. Years before Jesus's birth are called BC (Before Christ) or BCE (Before the Common Era). Years after are called AD (anno Domini, meaning "in the year of our Lord") or CE (Common Era).

The "year one" is the first year in the Common Era. There is no year zero. Scholars tried to figure out when Jesus was born. They now think it was probably between 6 BC and 4 BC.

The Time of Jesus

This part of the timeline focuses on events in the area where Jesus was born. This region is now called Israel and Palestine. Back then, the Romans ruled it.

  • 1 AD: This year was once thought to be when Jesus was born. But experts now believe this calculation was wrong.
  • 6 AD: Herod Archelaus was removed from his rule by the Roman Emperor Augustus. The Romans combined areas like Samaria and Judea into a new province called "Iudaea." Quirinius became the Governor of Syria. He took a census (counted the people), which some Jewish groups, like the Zealots, did not like (Luke 2:1–3).
  • 7–26 AD: This was a time of peace in Iudaea and Galilee. There were not many revolts or much bloodshed.
  • 9 AD: Hillel the Elder, a leader of the Pharisees, died.
  • 14–37 AD: Tiberius was the Roman emperor.
  • 18–36 AD: Caiaphas was the High Priest of Herod's Temple. He was later removed by a Roman official.
  • 19 AD: Jews and others were told to leave Rome.
  • 26–36 AD: Pontius Pilate was the Roman governor of Iudaea. He was called back to Rome because people complained about his harsh actions.
  • 28 or 29 AD: John the Baptist started his ministry. He told people to "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near" (Matt 3:1–2). John was a relative of Jesus (Luke 1:36). He baptized Jesus (Mark 1:4–11). Later, Herod Antipas arrested and beheaded John (Luke 3:19–20).

Jesus began his ministry after John baptized him. He also preached: "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near" (Matt 4:12–17).

Many scholars study the life of Jesus. Traditional Christian beliefs about his ministry include:

Christians believe Jesus will have a Second Coming. This will fulfill prophecies like the Resurrection of the dead, the Last Judgment, and the start of the Kingdom of God.

The Era of the Apostles

Soon after Jesus's Crucifixion of Jesus, the first Christian church was formed in Jerusalem. It had about 120 Jews (Acts 1:15). This was followed by Pentecost, when the Holy Spirit came upon the believers.

Later, Saint Stephen was stoned to death (see also Persecution of Christians). This led to Christians spreading out (7:54–8:8). Paul became a Christian and an "Apostle to the Gentiles" (non-Jews) (9:13–16). Peter baptized Cornelius, who is often seen as the first non-Jewish person to become a Christian (10). The church in Antioch was founded. It was there that followers of Jesus were first called "Christians" (11:26). Saint James was killed by Agrippa I (12:1–3).

  • 44 AD: Agrippa I died (Acts 12:20–23).
  • 45–49 AD?: Paul went on his first mission trip (Acts 13:1–14:28). He traveled with Barnabas to places like Cyprus and Antioch.
  • 47 AD?: The Church of the East was started by Saint Thomas.
  • 49 AD: The Roman Emperor Claudius made Jews leave Rome because they were causing trouble.
  • 50 AD: A riot during Passover in Jerusalem led to many deaths.
  • 50 AD?: The Council of Jerusalem took place. Leaders discussed if non-Jewish Christians needed to follow Jewish laws (Acts 15:1–35).
  • 50–53 AD?: Paul went on his second mission trip (Acts 15:36–18:22). He visited places like Galatia, Macedonia, and Corinth. During this time, he might have written the letters of 1 Thessalonians and Galatians.
  • 52 AD?: Saint Thomas Christians were established in India.
  • 53–57 AD?: Paul's third mission trip (Acts 18:23–22:30). He traveled to Ephesus, Macedonia, and Jerusalem. He wrote letters like Romans, 1 Corinthians, and 2 Corinthians.
  • 58 AD?: Paul was arrested in Jerusalem. He was accused of being a "ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes" (Acts 24:5). He was imprisoned in Caesarea.
  • 59 AD?: Paul was shipwrecked on Malta.
  • 60 AD?: Paul arrived in Rome. He spent two years telling people about the Kingdom of God and Jesus Christ (Acts 28:15–31).
  • 62 AD: James the Just was stoned to death.
  • 64–68 AD: After a huge fire in Rome, Emperor Nero blamed and persecuted Christians. This is one of the earliest mentions of Christians in Rome. Many were killed in cruel ways, like being wrapped in animal skins and torn apart by dogs, or nailed to crosses and burned (Tacitus, Annals (Tacitus) XV.44). Paul and Peter are believed to have died during this time.

Early Christianity

  • 66–73 AD: The First Jewish–Roman War led to the destruction of Herod's Temple in Jerusalem. The Qumran community, where the Dead Sea scrolls were found, was also destroyed.
  • 68–107 AD?: Ignatius of Antioch, a bishop, was fed to lions in the Roman Colosseum. He was one of the first to use the term "Christianity" (Mag 10).
  • 70 AD (±10): The Gospel of Mark was likely written in Rome.
  • 80 AD (±20): The Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Luke were likely written. These were very popular in Early Christianity.
  • 90 AD (±10): The First Letter of Peter was written.
  • 95 AD (±30): The Gospel of John and the Epistles of John were written.
  • 95 AD (±10): The Book of Revelation was written.
  • 100–150 AD?: Other early Christian writings appeared, such as the Apocryphon of James and the Gospel of Mary Magdalene.
  • 132–135 AD: The Bar Kokhba's revolt was the final Jewish revolt against Rome. As a result, Judea and Jerusalem were erased from maps. The region was renamed Syria Palæstina, and Jerusalem became Aelia Capitolina.
  • 142–144 AD?: Marcion of Sinope started his own church in Rome. He rejected the Old Testament and created his own list of accepted Christian books.
  • 150 AD?: Valentinius, a famous Christian Gnostic, was almost elected Bishop of Rome.
  • 170 AD?: Tatian created the "Diatessaron," which combined the four Gospels into one story.
  • 180–202 AD?: Irenaeus, a bishop, fought against false teachings (heresies).
  • 189–198 AD: Pope Victor I, the first Latin Pope, removed Eastern churches that celebrated Easter on a different date.
  • 200 AD?: Important early Bible copies, like Papyrus 46, were made.
  • 223 AD?: Tertullian is sometimes called the "father of the Latin Church." He created terms like "trinitas" (trinity) and "Novum Testamentum" (New Testament).
  • 235–238 AD: Emperor Maximinus Thrax ended a Christian split in Rome by sending Pope Pontian and Antipope Hippolytus away.
  • 250 AD?: The Apostolic Constitutions and the Liturgy of St James were written, showing early church practices.
  • 258 AD: "Valerian's Massacre" began. The Roman emperor ordered the execution of Christian bishops, priests, and deacons.
  • 270 AD?: Anthony started the monastic movement, where people lived apart to focus on God.
  • 301 AD: Armenia became the first country to make Christianity its official state religion.
  • 303–312 AD: Diocletian's Massacre was a severe persecution of Christians.
  • 312 AD: Constantine had a vision of a cross with the words "by this sign conquer." He later became a Christian.
  • 313 AD: The Edict of Milan was issued by Constantine and Licinius. It ended the persecution of Christians and allowed them to practice their faith freely.
  • 321 AD: Constantine declared Sunday a state "day of rest."

The Era of Church Councils

Constantine I called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 AD. This meeting aimed to unite Christian beliefs about Jesus. It created the Original Nicene Creed, which stated that Jesus and God were of the same substance. This council also discussed the date of Easter.

The Middle Ages

The Renaissance

The Reformation

The 17th Century

The 18th Century

  • 1721 AD: Peter the Great replaced the Moscow Patriarchate with the Holy Synod to control the Russian Orthodox Church.
  • 1730–1749 AD: The First Great Awakening was a period of religious revival in the U.S.
  • 1738 AD: The Methodist movement, led by John Wesley and Charles, began.
  • 1767–1815 AD: The Jesuit order was suppressed by various governments and the Pope.
  • 1779 AD: The Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom stated that government should not force religion on anyone.
  • 1780 AD: Robert Raikes started Sunday schools to teach poor children in England.
  • 1784 AD: American Methodists formed the Methodist Episcopal Church.
  • 1789–1801 AD: The Dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution saw efforts to reduce the influence of Christianity in France.
  • 1791 AD: The First Amendment to the United States Constitution guaranteed religious freedom.
  • 1795 AD: The Age of Reason by Thomas Paine promoted Deism, a belief in God based on reason, not revelation.

The 19th Century

The 20th Century

  • 1906 AD: Albert Schweitzer published The Quest of the Historical Jesus, a very important book about Jesus's life.
  • 1906–1909 AD: The Azusa Street Revival in Los Angeles started the modern Pentecostal movement, focusing on spiritual gifts.
  • 1910 AD: The Edinburgh Missionary Conference launched the modern missions movement and the modern ecumenical movement (working for Christian unity).
  • 1913 AD: Our Lady of Fatima reportedly appeared to three children in Portugal.
  • 1915–1917 AD: The Armenian Genocide saw many Armenians, who were mostly Christian, killed.
  • 1917 AD: The Moscow Patriarchy was restored in Russia, with Tikhon as patriarch.
  • 1918 AD: The Holy Martyrs of Russia, including the last tsar, Nicholas II, were executed.
  • 1925 AD: The Scopes Trial in the U.S. debated the teaching of evolution in schools, causing divisions among Christians.
  • 1929 AD: The Lateran Treaty was signed between Italy and the papacy, creating Vatican City as an independent state.
  • 1931 AD: The Christ the Redeemer (statue) statue was completed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  • 1945 AD: Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German pastor who resisted the Nazis, was executed.
  • 1947 AD: The Dead Sea scrolls, ancient Jewish texts, were discovered.
  • 1948 AD: The World Council of Churches was founded to promote unity among Christian churches.
  • 1949 AD: Evangelist Billy Graham held his first major crusade in Los Angeles.
  • 1950 AD: The Assumption of Mary was declared an official Catholic teaching by Pope Pius XII.
  • 1950 AD: The Missionaries of Charity was founded by Mother Teresa.
  • 1952 AD: C. S. Lewis published Mere Christianity, a popular book explaining Christian beliefs.
  • 1954 AD: The U.S. Pledge of Allegiance was changed to include "one nation under God."
  • 1956 AD: "In God We Trust" was made the U.S. national motto.
  • 1962–1965 AD: The Catholic Second Vatican Council was a major meeting that brought many changes and updates to the Roman Catholic Church.
  • 1963 AD: Martin Luther King led a civil rights march in Washington, D.C..
  • 1963 AD: A U.S. Supreme Court ruling banned the reading of the Bible in public schools.
  • 1970s: The Jesus movement became popular in the U.S., focusing on a personal relationship with Jesus.
  • 1978–2005 AD: Pope John Paul II was a very influential pope.
  • 1979 AD: The movie Jesus was released, becoming one of the most watched movies ever.
  • 1988 AD: The movie The Last Temptation of Christ caused controversy among Christian groups.
  • 1992 AD: The new Catechism of the Catholic Church was published, summarizing Catholic teachings.

The 21st Century

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Anexo:Cronología del cristianismo para niños

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